1COVID-19 Response, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
2National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Dec 29;104(2):496-501. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1119.
Cleaning and disinfection of frequently touched surfaces and frequent hand hygiene are recommended measures to prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, poison center calls regarding exposures to cleaners, disinfectants, and hand sanitizers have increased as compared with prior years, indicating a need to evaluate household safety precautions. An opt-in Internet panel survey of 502 U.S. adults was conducted in May 2020. Survey items evaluated knowledge regarding use and storage of cleaners, disinfectants, and hand sanitizers; attitudes about household cleaning and disinfection; and safety precautions practiced during the prior month. We assigned a knowledge score to each respondent to quantify knowledge of safety precautions and calculated median scores by demographic characteristics and attitudes. We identified gaps in knowledge regarding safe use and storage of cleaners, disinfectants, and hand sanitizers; the overall median knowledge score was 5.17 (95% CI: 4.85-5.50; maximum 9.00). Knowledge scores were lower among younger than older age-groups and among black non-Hispanic and Hispanic respondents compared with white non-Hispanic respondents. A greater proportion of respondents expressed knowledge of safety precautions than the proportion who engaged in these precautions. Tailored communication strategies should be used to reach populations with lower knowledge of cleaning and disinfection safety. In addition, as knowledge alone did not shape individual engagement in safety precautions, health promotion campaigns may specifically emphasize the health risks of unsafe use and storage of cleaners, disinfectants, and hand sanitizers to address risk perception.
经常接触的表面的清洁和消毒以及经常进行手部卫生是预防 COVID-19 病毒传播的推荐措施。自 COVID-19 大流行开始以来，与前几年相比，中毒中心接到有关清洁剂、消毒剂和手部消毒剂暴露的电话有所增加，这表明需要评估家庭安全预防措施。2020 年 5 月，对 502 名美国成年人进行了一项基于互联网的自愿参与调查。调查项目评估了有关清洁剂、消毒剂和手部消毒剂使用和储存的知识；对家庭清洁和消毒的态度；以及在前一个月期间采取的安全预防措施。我们为每个受访者分配了一个知识分数，以量化安全预防措施的知识，并按人口统计学特征和态度计算中位数分数。我们发现有关安全使用和储存清洁剂、消毒剂和手部消毒剂的知识存在差距；总体中位数知识得分为 5.17（95%CI：4.85-5.50；最大值 9.00）。年龄较小的受访者比年龄较大的受访者以及黑人和西班牙裔受访者的知识得分较低，而与非西班牙裔白人受访者相比。表示了解安全预防措施的受访者比例高于采取这些预防措施的受访者比例。应该使用针对性的沟通策略来覆盖知识水平较低的清洁和消毒安全人群。此外，由于知识本身并没有塑造个人对安全预防措施的参与度，因此健康促进运动可能会特别强调不安全使用和储存清洁剂、消毒剂和手部消毒剂的健康风险，以解决风险认知问题。
