Atchison Christina, Bowman Leigh Robert, Vrinten Charlotte, Redd Rozlyn, Pristerà Philippa, Eaton Jeffrey, Ward Helen
Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics (J-IDEA), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
BMJ Open. 2021 Jan 4;11(1):e043577. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043577.
To examine risk perceptions and behavioural responses of the UK adult population during the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in the UK.
A cross-sectional survey.
Conducted with a nationally representative sample of UK adults within 48 hours of the UK Government advising the public to stop non-essential contact with others and all unnecessary travel.
2108 adults living in the UK aged 18 years and over. Response rate was 84.3% (2108/2500). Data collected between 17 March and 18 March 2020.
Descriptive statistics for all survey questions, including number of respondents and weighted percentages. Robust Poisson regression used to identify sociodemographic variation in: (1) adoption of social distancing measures, (2) ability to work from home, and (3) ability and (4) willingness to self-isolate.
Overall, 1992 (94.2%) respondents reported at least one preventive measure: 85.8% washed their hands with soap more frequently; 56.5% avoided crowded areas and 54.5% avoided social events. Adoption of social distancing measures was higher in those aged over 70 years compared with younger adults aged 18-34 years (adjusted relative risk/aRR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.1 to 1.5). Those with lowest household income were three times less likely to be able to work from home (aRR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.45) and less likely to be able to self-isolate (aRR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88 to 0.96). Ability to self-isolate was also lower in black and minority ethnic groups (aRR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.0). Willingness to self-isolate was high across all respondents.
Ability to adopt and comply with certain non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) is lower in the most economically disadvantaged in society. Governments must implement appropriate social and economic policies to mitigate this. By incorporating these differences in NPIs among socioeconomic subpopulations into mathematical models of COVID-19 transmission dynamics, our modelling of epidemic outcomes and response to COVID-19 can be improved.
研究英国成年人群体在英国新冠疫情早期阶段的风险认知和行为反应。
横断面调查。
在英国政府建议公众停止与他人的非必要接触及所有不必要旅行后的48小时内，对具有全国代表性的英国成年人样本进行调查。
2108名居住在英国的18岁及以上成年人。回复率为84.3%（2108/2500）。数据收集于2020年3月17日至18日。
所有调查问题的描述性统计，包括受访者数量和加权百分比。采用稳健泊松回归来确定社会人口统计学差异在以下方面的情况：（1）采取社交距离措施；（2）在家工作的能力；（3）自我隔离的能力；（4）自我隔离的意愿。
总体而言，1992名（94.2%）受访者报告至少采取了一项预防措施：85.8%的人更频繁地用肥皂洗手；56.5% 的人避免前往拥挤地区，54.5%的人避免参加社交活动。与18 - 34岁的年轻人相比，70岁以上人群采取社交距离措施的比例更高（调整后相对风险/aRR：1.2；95%置信区间：1.1至1.5）。家庭收入最低的人群在家工作的可能性低三倍（aRR：0.33；95%置信区间：0.24至0.45），自我隔离的可能性也较低（aRR：0.92；95%置信区间：0.88至0.96）。黑人和少数族裔群体自我隔离的能力也较低（aRR：0.89；95%置信区间：0.79至1.0）。所有受访者自我隔离的意愿都很高。
社会经济最弱势群体采取并遵守某些非药物干预措施（NPIs）的能力较低。政府必须实施适当的社会和经济政策来缓解这一情况。通过将社会经济亚群体在非药物干预措施方面的这些差异纳入新冠病毒传播动力学的数学模型中，我们对疫情结果和新冠疫情应对措施的建模可以得到改进。
