Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 28;22(1):218. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010218.
Given the growing number of type 2 diabetic individuals and the substantial social and financial costs associated with diabetes management, every effort should be made to improve its prevention and treatment methods. There is an ongoing search for natural dietary compounds that could be used for this purpose. This narrative review focuses on the therapeutic potential of isoflavones in diabetes prevention and treatment. This review summarizes (i) the molecular mechanisms of isoflavones action that are critical to their anti-diabetic properties; (ii) preclinical (in vitro and in vivo) studies evaluating the influence of isoflavones on the function of key organs involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes; and (iii) epidemiological studies and clinical trials that assessed the effectiveness of isoflavones in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in humans. Apart from discussing the effects of isoflavones on the function of organs "classically" associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes (pancreas, liver, muscles, and adipose tissue), the impact of these compounds on other organs that contribute to the glucose homeostasis (gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and brain) is also reviewed.
鉴于 2 型糖尿病患者人数不断增加，以及糖尿病管理相关的巨大社会和经济成本，应尽一切努力改善其预防和治疗方法。目前正在寻找可用于此目的的天然饮食化合物。本综述重点介绍了异黄酮在糖尿病预防和治疗中的治疗潜力。本综述总结了（i）异黄酮对其抗糖尿病特性至关重要的作用机制；（ii）评估异黄酮对参与糖尿病发病机制的关键器官功能影响的临床前（体外和体内）研究；以及（iii）评估异黄酮在预防和治疗 2 型糖尿病中的有效性的流行病学研究和临床试验。除了讨论异黄酮对“经典”与糖尿病发病机制相关的器官（胰腺、肝脏、肌肉和脂肪组织）功能的影响外，还综述了这些化合物对有助于葡萄糖稳态的其他器官（胃肠道、肾脏和大脑）的影响。
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