Nursing, University of Jaén, Jaen, Andalucía, Spain.
Nursing, University of Jaén, Jaen, Andalucía, Spain
BMJ Open. 2020 Dec 30;10(12):e041376. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041376.
To develop and validate a new questionnaire to measure the nurses' perceptions of the barriers towards the prevention of pressure injuries (PIs) at hospitals.
Validation study with mixed methods.
Four university hospitals in southern Spain.
The questionnaire was developed based on a literature review. A panel of 14 wound care experts rated the content validity. A sample of 438 nurses (registered nurses and assistant nurses) participated in the survey.
The psychometric properties of the Pressure Injury Prevention Barriers (PIPB) questionnaire evaluated were: content validity, internal consistency reliability and construct validity.
The final version of the questionnaire has 25 items grouped into four factors (management and organisation, motivation and priority, knowledge, and staff and collaboration). The confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit and error indices for the model (Comparative Fit Index=0.92, root mean square error of approximation=0.074). Cronbach's alpha was 0.90 (overall), and 0.89 (factor 1), 0.75 (factor 2), 0.72 (factor 3) and 0.45 (factor 4). Construct validity was good, demonstrated by the expected association with the scores on patient safety culture and on considering PIs as an adverse effect of hospital stay, but not with attitude score.
The PIPB questionnaire is an instrument useful for measuring nurses' perceptions of the barriers to PIs prevention. The initial evidence shows that the questionnaire has good content validity, internal consistency and adequate construct validity. Relevance and comprehensiveness need to be assessed in further studies. It can be used both in research and in the evaluation of clinical settings to implementation of PIs preventive programmes in hospitals.
开发并验证一种新的问卷，以测量护士对预防医院压疮（PI）障碍的认知。
混合方法验证研究。
西班牙南部的四家大学医院。
该问卷基于文献综述开发。一个由 14 名伤口护理专家组成的小组对内容效度进行了评估。共有 438 名护士（注册护士和助理护士）参与了调查。
评估了压力性损伤预防障碍（PIPB）问卷的心理测量特性：内容效度、内部一致性信度和构念效度。
问卷的最终版本有 25 个项目，分为四个因素（管理和组织、动机和优先级、知识以及员工和协作）。验证性因子分析显示模型拟合良好，误差指数适中（比较拟合指数=0.92，均方根误差近似值=0.074）。克朗巴赫α系数为 0.90（总体），0.89（因素 1），0.75（因素 2），0.72（因素 3）和 0.45（因素 4）。构念效度良好，与患者安全文化得分和将 PI 视为住院不良后果的预期相关性表明，但与态度得分无关。
PIPB 问卷是一种用于测量护士对预防 PI 障碍认知的有用工具。初步证据表明，该问卷具有良好的内容效度、内部一致性和足够的构念效度。需要在进一步的研究中评估相关性和全面性。它可用于研究和评估临床环境，以在医院实施 PI 预防计划。
