Nicholson Ronald A, Birk Jeffrey L, Bonanno George A
Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, United States of America.
Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, United States of America; Teachers College, Columbia University, United States of America.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2021 Feb;160:28-37. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.12.004. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
Autonomic arousal may facilitate beneficial decision-making when the link between choices and outcomes is uncertain. However, it is unknown whether greater risk-specific autonomic arousal is linearly associated with faster learning to avoid risky decisions. Furthermore, although the influence of stress on decision-making is well documented, it is unknown whether recent life stress might moderate the relationship between this internal affective feedback and decision-making. We report two studies using the Iowa Gambling Task with diverse community samples. Each study demonstrated a linear relationship between the level of autonomic arousal prior to risky decision-making and the rate of learning to avoid risk. Additionally, participants' recent life events conditionally moderated this association. Specifically, the relationship between risk-specific arousal and advantageous learning was strongest for participants who experienced relatively more positive and fewer negative life events in the previous four months. These findings suggest that autonomic arousal may generally inform decision-making, but less so when life circumstances are relatively poor.
当选择与结果之间的联系不确定时，自主唤醒可能有助于做出有益的决策。然而，更大的特定风险自主唤醒是否与更快学会避免风险决策呈线性相关尚不清楚。此外，尽管压力对决策的影响已有充分记录，但近期生活压力是否会调节这种内部情感反馈与决策之间的关系尚不清楚。我们报告了两项针对不同社区样本使用爱荷华赌博任务的研究。每项研究都表明，在做出风险决策之前的自主唤醒水平与学会避免风险的速度之间存在线性关系。此外，参与者近期的生活事件对这种关联有条件地起到调节作用。具体而言，对于在过去四个月中经历相对较多积极生活事件且较少消极生活事件的参与者，特定风险唤醒与有利学习之间的关系最为强烈。这些发现表明，自主唤醒通常可能为决策提供信息，但在生活状况相对较差时作用较小。
