Yang Yuxuan, Yan Bingxin, Sun Kewei, Wu Di, Wang Cancan, Xiao Wei
Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Dec 12;14(12):1186. doi: 10.3390/bs14121186.
In uncertain situations, individuals seek to maximize rewards while managing risks. Yet, the effects of acute stress and anxiety on decision-making in ambiguous and risky contexts are unclear. This study aims to contribute to the exploration of how acute stress influences sensitivity to immediate vs. delayed rewards, risk management strategies, and the role of anxiety in these processes. This study used the laboratory acute stress induction paradigm to analyze the direction of influence of acute stress on ambiguity decision-making and risky decision-making in males and then used moderating effect analysis to study the impact of anxiety on this process. The results show that a combination of the Socially Evaluated Cold Pressor Test and the Sing-a-Song Stress Test can successfully induce acute stress, which reduces both the proportion of the options selected that represent long-term rewards and risk-adjustment ability. Additionally, trait anxiety had a moderating effect on the influence of stress on ambiguity decision-making. Acute stress reduces focus on long-term rewards while increasing focus on short-term rewards, leading to impulsivity and impaired risk-adjustment. Additionally, to some extent, high trait anxiety scores predict better performance in making decisions under ambiguity during stress.
在不确定的情况下，个体在管理风险的同时寻求最大化回报。然而，急性应激和焦虑对模糊和风险情境下决策的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨急性应激如何影响对即时奖励与延迟奖励的敏感性、风险管理策略以及焦虑在这些过程中的作用。本研究采用实验室急性应激诱导范式分析急性应激对男性模糊决策和风险决策的影响方向，然后采用调节效应分析研究焦虑对这一过程的影响。结果表明，社会评价冷压试验和唱歌应激试验相结合能够成功诱导急性应激，这降低了代表长期奖励的选项选择比例和风险调整能力。此外，特质焦虑对压力影响模糊决策具有调节作用。急性应激减少了对长期奖励的关注，同时增加了对短期奖励的关注，导致冲动性和风险调整能力受损。此外，在一定程度上，高特质焦虑得分预示着在压力下进行模糊决策时表现更好。
