Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and the Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
The Brain Research New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Neurol. 2022 Jan;269(1):87-99. doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10343-2. Epub 2021 Jan 2.
In the last 5 years, there has been a surge in evidence that hearing loss (HL) may be a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction, including dementia. At the same time, there has been an increase in the number of studies implicating vestibular loss in cognitive dysfunction. Due to the fact that vestibular disorders often present with HL and other auditory disorders such as tinnitus, it has been suggested that, in many cases, what appears to be vestibular-related cognitive dysfunction may be due to HL (e.g., Dobbels et al. Front Neurol 11:710, 2020). This review analyses the studies of vestibular-related cognitive dysfunction which have controlled HL. It is suggested that despite the fact that many studies in the area have not controlled HL, many other studies have (~ 19/44 studies or 43%). Therefore, although there is certainly a need for further studies controlling HL, there is evidence to suggest that vestibular loss is associated with cognitive dysfunction, especially related to spatial memory. This is consistent with the overwhelming evidence from animal studies that the vestibular system transmits specific types of information about self-motion to structures such as the hippocampus.
在过去的 5 年中，有大量证据表明听力损失（HL）可能是认知功能障碍的一个风险因素，包括痴呆。与此同时，越来越多的研究表明前庭功能丧失与认知功能障碍有关。由于前庭障碍通常伴有听力损失和其他听觉障碍，如耳鸣，因此有人认为，在许多情况下，看似与前庭相关的认知功能障碍可能是由于听力损失引起的（例如，Dobbels 等人，《Front Neurol》11:710, 2020）。这篇综述分析了已控制 HL 的与前庭相关的认知功能障碍的研究。尽管该领域的许多研究都没有控制 HL，但也有许多其他研究控制了 HL（约 19/44 项研究或 43%）。因此，尽管确实需要进一步控制 HL 的研究，但有证据表明前庭功能丧失与认知功能障碍有关，特别是与空间记忆有关。这与动物研究的压倒性证据一致，即前庭系统将关于自身运动的特定类型信息传递到海马体等结构。
