Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig Thoma Strasse 36A, Bayreuth 95447, Germany.
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Jülich 52425, Germany.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021 Mar 24;13(11):12767-12776. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c18608. Epub 2021 Jan 2.
We report the fabrication of scroll-like scaffolds with anisotropic topography using 4D printing based on a combination of 3D extrusion printing of methacrylated alginate, melt-electrowriting of polycaprolactone fibers, and shape-morphing of the fabricated object. A combination of 3D extrusion printing and melt-electrowriting allows programmed deposition of different materials and fabrication of structures with high resolution. Shape-morphing allows the transformation of a patterned surface of a printed structure in a pattern on inner surface of a folded object that is used to align cells. We demonstrate that the concentration of calcium ions, the environment media, and the geometrical shape of the scaffold influences shape-morphing that allows it to be efficiently programmed. Myoblasts cultured inside a scrolled bilayer scaffold demonstrate excellent viability and proliferation. Moreover, the patterned surface generated by PCL fibers allow a very high degree of orientation of cells, which cannot be achieved on the alginate layer without fibers.
我们报告了使用基于 3D 挤出打印甲基丙烯酰化藻酸盐、聚己内酯纤维熔融纺丝和所制造物体的形状变形相结合的 4D 打印制造具有各向异性形貌的螺旋状支架。3D 挤出打印和熔融纺丝的组合允许对不同材料进行编程沉积，并制造具有高分辨率的结构。形状变形允许在折叠物体的内表面上对打印结构的图案化表面进行图案化，该折叠物体用于对齐细胞。我们证明了钙离子浓度、环境介质和支架的几何形状会影响形状变形，从而可以对其进行高效编程。在螺旋双层支架内培养的成肌细胞表现出良好的活力和增殖能力。此外，PCL 纤维产生的图案化表面允许细胞高度取向，而没有纤维的藻酸盐层则无法实现。
