Levy B S, Harris J C, Smith J L, Washburn J W, Mature J, Davis A, Crosson J T, Polesky H, Hanson M
Am J Epidemiol. 1977 Oct;106(4):330-5. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112469.
After a sharp increase in viral hepatitis cases, mostly type B, among the 2000 employees of a general hospital during three years, we conducted an investigation which consisted of obtaining data on employee cases and surveying many current employees. Of the 38 cases, 22 occurred in non-physician, ward employees. Of 189 current ward employees, 8% had antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBS) and 1% had hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) seropositivity was highest for employees who worked closely with hemodialysis and renal transplant patients and for those who claimed that their ward was understaffed. Nine of the 38 cases occurred in clinical lab workers. Of 70 current lab employees, 17% were positive for anti-HBS and none for HBSAg. HBV seropositivity was highest for those working in the chemistry section (highest there among those performing blood-gas determinations and those working with the multi-channel autoanalyzers) and those who routinely got blood on their skin and clothes at work. All seropositive employees worked routinely with blood. These data support the hypotheses that many hospital employees contract hepatitis B from exposure to HBSAg-positive patients and many clinical laboratory employees contract it from exposure to HBV-contaminated blood.
在一家综合医院的2000名员工中，病毒性肝炎病例（主要是B型肝炎）在三年间急剧增加之后，我们开展了一项调查，包括获取员工病例数据并对许多在职员工进行调查。在38例病例中，22例发生在非医师的病房员工中。在189名在职病房员工中，8%有乙肝表面抗原抗体（抗-HBS），1%有乙肝表面抗原（HBSAg）。与血液透析和肾移植患者密切接触的员工以及那些声称其病房人员不足的员工中，乙肝病毒（HBV）血清阳性率最高。38例病例中有9例发生在临床实验室工作人员中。在70名在职实验室员工中，17%抗-HBS呈阳性，无HBSAg阳性者。在化学科工作的人员（在进行血气测定的人员和使用多通道自动分析仪的人员中该比例最高）以及那些在工作中经常将血液沾染到皮肤和衣服上的人员中，HBV血清阳性率最高。所有血清阳性的员工都经常接触血液。这些数据支持以下假设：许多医院员工因接触HBSAg阳性患者而感染乙肝，许多临床实验室员工因接触受HBV污染的血液而感染乙肝。
