Janzen J, Tripatzis I, Wagner U, Schlieter M, Müller-Dethard E, Wolters E
J Infect Dis. 1978 Mar;137(3):261-5. doi: 10.1093/infdis/137.3.261.
The epidemiology of hepatitis B in hospital personnel was studied by testing of sera from 3,770 employees of the Medical School of Hannover (Hannover, West Germany) for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and its corresponding antibody (anti-HBs) by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. An average prevalence of 2.2% for HBsAg and 11.7% for anti-HBs was found. Physicians (18.2%), nurses (20.1%), and members of the cleaning service (26.3%) showed the highest frequencies of HBsAg or anti-HBs carriage. In a study of age- and sex-matched personnel, nurses showed a significantly (P less than 0.01) higher rate of infection than a control group with less exposure to infectious materials. The frequency of HBsAg or anti-HBs was highest in persons associated with dialysis (31.3%), anesthesiology (31.0%), ophthalmology (29.4%, neurosurgery (28.0%), and surgery (24.4%). The rate of infection was significantly higher in surgical departments (24.4%) than in nonsurgical ones (13.3%). Persons who had been nursing patients with hepatitis were significantly (P less than 0.05) more frequently carriers of HBsAg or anti-HBs than a comparable control group.
通过采用固相放射免疫分析法对德国汉诺威医学院3770名员工的血清进行检测，以研究医院工作人员中乙型肝炎的流行病学情况。结果发现，乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）的平均携带率为2.2%，乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）的平均携带率为11.7%。医生（18.2%）、护士（20.1%）和清洁服务人员（26.3%）的HBsAg或抗-HBs携带率最高。在一项针对年龄和性别匹配人员的研究中，护士的感染率显著高于接触感染性物质较少的对照组（P<0.01）。与透析（31.3%）、麻醉学（31.0%）、眼科（29.4%）、神经外科（28.0%）和外科（24.4%）相关的人员中，HBsAg或抗-HBs的携带率最高。外科科室的感染率（24.4%）显著高于非外科科室（13.3%）。护理过肝炎患者的人员相比对照组，HBsAg或抗-HBs携带者的比例显著更高（P<0.05）。
