Kinshella Mai-Lei Woo, Moore Sophie E, Elango Rajavel
PhD student at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BC Children's and Women's Hospital and University of British Columbia, and Global Health Research Coordinator at the University of British Columbia's PRE-EMPT, Vancouver, Canada.
Reader in Global Women and Children's Health at King's College London and an Honorary Senior Research Fellow at the MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
Health Hum Rights. 2020 Dec;22(2):113-123.
The First 1,000 Days approach highlights the importance of adequate nutrition in early life-from conception to a child's second birthday-for good development and growth throughout the child's life and potentially onto their own offspring. The approach has been highly influential in mobilizing policy attention and resources to improve maternal and infant nutrition in global health and development. This paper undertakes a critical review of this approach from a gendered human rights lens, finding that the theoretical underpinnings implicitly reflect and reproduce gender biases by conceptualizing women within a limited scope of reproduction and child care. We explore the processes of systemic neglect through Pierre Bourdieu's theories on how social structures are reproduced. Understanding theory is important to the governance of global health, how we frame priorities, and how we act on them. Revisiting influential theories is a means of accountability to ensure inclusiveness and to reduce gender and health inequities in research. We argue that a greater focus on women could increase the potential impact of nutrition interventions.
“最初1000天”方法凸显了生命早期（从受孕到孩子两岁）充足营养对于孩子一生良好发育和成长以及对其后代潜在影响的重要性。该方法在调动政策关注和资源以改善全球卫生与发展中的母婴营养方面具有高度影响力。本文从性别化人权视角对这一方法进行批判性审视，发现其理论基础通过将女性限定在生育和育儿的有限范围内进行概念化，从而隐含地反映并再现了性别偏见。我们通过皮埃尔·布迪厄关于社会结构如何再生产的理论来探究系统性忽视的过程。理解理论对于全球卫生治理、我们如何确定优先事项以及如何据此采取行动至关重要。重新审视有影响力的理论是一种问责手段，以确保包容性并减少研究中的性别与健康不平等。我们认为，更多地关注女性能够增加营养干预措施的潜在影响。
