Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey -
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2021 Aug;57(4):653-662. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06563-6. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
BACKGROUND: Although there are some retrospective studies to present musculoskeletal findings of the COVID-19, still the muscle strength and fatigue has not been studied in detail. AIM: To reveal the symptoms of musculoskeletal system in COVID-19 patients, to evaluate myalgia, arthralgia and physical/mental fatigue, to assess handgrip muscle strength, and to examine the relations of these parameters with the severity and laboratory values of the disease. DESIGN: This study was designed as a cross-sectional, single-center case series. SETTING: This study took place from May 15, 2020, to June 30, 2020 at the Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Pandemia Services. POPULATION: Hospitalized 150 adults with laboratory and radiological confirmation of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) according to WHO interim guidance were included in the study. METHODS: The disease severity 2007 IDSA/ATS guidelines for community acquired pneumonia was used. Myalgia severity was assessed by numerical rating scale (NRS). Visual analog scale and Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS) were used for fatigue severity determination. Handgrip strength (HGS) was measured by Jamar hand dynamometer. RESULTS: One hundred three patients (68.7%) were non-severe, and 47 patients (31.3%) were severe. The most common musculoskeletal symptom was fatigue (133 [85.3%]), followed by myalgia (102 [68.0%]), arthralgia (65 [43.3%]) and back pain (33 [22.0%]). Arthralgia, which was mostly notable at wrist (25 [16.7%]), ankle (24 [16.0%]) and knee (23 [15.3%]) joints, was significantly higher among the severe group. Severe myalgia was prevalent among myalgia sufferers regardless of COVID-19 severity. The physical fatigue severity score was significantly higher in severe cases, whereas this difference was not significant in mental fatigue score. Female patients with severe infection had "lower" grip strength, whereas grip strength among males did not differ significantly between non-severe and severe COVID-19 cases. Nevertheless, the mean values in both genders and in age decades were below the specified normative values. CRP, ferritin, and LDH levels were significantly higher in women with "lower" grip strength compared to the "normal" group. CONCLUSIONS: Aside from other multisystemic symptoms, musculoskeletal symptoms are quite common in patients with COVID-19. Patients have severe ischemic myalgia regardless of disease activity. Although there is a muscle weakness in all patients, the loss of muscle function is more of a problem among women in connection with disease severity. Muscular involvement in Coronavirus disease is a triangle of myalgia, physical fatigue, and muscle weakness. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: Muscle involvement in COVID-19 patients does not mean only myalgia but also a combination of physical fatigue and muscle weakness, and this should be considered in planning the rehabilitation strategies of COVID-19 patients.
背景:尽管有一些回顾性研究报告了 COVID-19 的肌肉骨骼表现,但肌肉力量和疲劳仍未得到详细研究。
目的:揭示 COVID-19 患者肌肉骨骼系统的症状,评估肌痛、关节痛和身体/精神疲劳,评估握力,检查这些参数与疾病严重程度和实验室值的关系。
设计:本研究设计为横断面、单中心病例系列。
地点:本研究于 2020 年 5 月 15 日至 6 月 30 日在伊斯坦布尔大学-切拉帕萨大学的切拉帕萨大流行服务处进行。
人群:根据世界卫生组织临时指南,对 150 名实验室和影像学证实患有严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)的住院成年人进行了研究。
方法:使用 2007 年美国传染病学会/美国胸科学会社区获得性肺炎 IDSA/ATS 指南评估疾病严重程度。用数字评分量表(NRS)评估肌痛严重程度。用视觉模拟量表和 Chalder 疲劳量表(CFS)评估疲劳严重程度。用 Jamar 握力计测量握力(HGS)。
结果:103 例(68.7%)患者为非重症,47 例(31.3%)为重症。最常见的肌肉骨骼症状是疲劳(133 例[85.3%]),其次是肌痛(102 例[68.0%])、关节痛(65 例[43.3%])和背痛(33 例[22.0%])。关节痛在手腕(25 例[16.7%])、脚踝(24 例[16.0%])和膝盖(23 例[15.3%])关节最常见,在重症组中更为明显。无论 COVID-19 严重程度如何,重症肌痛在肌痛患者中均较为常见。在严重病例中,体力疲劳严重程度评分明显更高,而在精神疲劳评分中则无显著差异。重症感染的女性患者握力“较低”,而男性患者无论 COVID-19 严重程度如何,握力均无显著差异。然而,两性和各年龄组的平均值均低于规定的正常范围。与“正常”组相比,女性“较低”握力患者的 CRP、铁蛋白和 LDH 水平明显更高。
结论:除了其他多系统症状外,COVID-19 患者还常出现肌肉骨骼症状。无论疾病活动度如何,患者均有严重的缺血性肌痛。尽管所有患者均存在肌肉无力,但在与疾病严重程度相关的女性中,肌肉功能丧失更为严重。冠状病毒疾病中的肌肉受累是肌痛、体力疲劳和肌肉无力的三角。
临床康复影响:COVID-19 患者的肌肉受累不仅意味着肌痛,还意味着体力疲劳和肌肉无力的结合,在为 COVID-19 患者制定康复策略时应考虑这一点。
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