Departamento de Estomatoquirúrgica Unidad de Investigaciones Morfo-Patológicas (UNIMPA), Pabellon 11 Campus Barbula, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Carabobo Valencia, Venezuela
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2021 Mar 1;26(2):e187-e194. doi: 10.4317/medoral.24107.
To evaluate the effect of undersized drilling on the primary and secondary stability of immediate implants placed in the anterior maxilla.
A comparative randomized clinical trial was carried out in 30 healthy adults. Thirty tapered implants, 16 involving conventional drilling and 14 undersized drilling, were placed immediately after anterior maxillary tooth removal. Insertion torque and implant stability assessed by resonance frequency analysis (RFA) were evaluated at three different timepoints: at implant placement and 6 and 12 weeks post-implantation. The results were compared using parametric statistical tests.
All implants showed adequate stability during follow-up. At implant placement, the undersized drilling group exhibited greater insertion torque values than the conventional drilling group, but stability assessed by RFA showed greater mean values in the conventional group. After 6 and 12 weeks of follow-up, both groups showed improved stability, though the RFA values remained comparatively higher in the conventional group. The differences were not statistically significant.
Based on the results obtained, undersized drilling does not appear to afford significantly improved stability of immediate implants placed in the anterior zone of the maxilla during the osseointegration period.
评估在前上颌骨中即刻植入物的小直径钻孔对初级和次级稳定性的影响。
在 30 名健康成年人中进行了一项比较随机临床试验。将 30 个锥形种植体（16 个涉及常规钻孔，14 个小直径钻孔）在拔除上颌前牙后立即植入。在三个不同时间点（植入时、植入后 6 周和 12 周）评估植入扭矩和通过共振频率分析（RFA）评估的种植体稳定性。使用参数统计检验比较结果。
所有种植体在随访期间均显示出足够的稳定性。在植入时，小直径钻孔组的植入扭矩值大于常规钻孔组，但 RFA 评估的稳定性在常规组中显示出更高的平均值。在 6 周和 12 周的随访后，两组均显示出稳定性的改善，但常规组的 RFA 值仍然相对较高。差异无统计学意义。
根据获得的结果，在前上颌骨区域植入即刻种植体的小直径钻孔似乎并没有在骨整合期间提供明显改善的稳定性。
