School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, No. 399 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, No. 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515063, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Jan 15;208:111624. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111624. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
Phthalate esters (PAEs), such as dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), are used extensively as additives and plasticizers, and have become ubiquitous in the environment. PAEs in the soil could have adverse effects on crop plants as well as humans via accumulations in food chain. Thus, it is important to explore strategies to reduce the bioavailability of phthalate esters. We investigated the effects of Fe-Mn oxide-modified biochar composite (FMBC) applications on the quality of wheat grown in DBP- and DEHP-polluted brown soil. The application of FMBC and biochar (BC) increased the wheat grain biomass by 9.71-223.01% and 5.40-120.15% in the DBP-polluted soil, and 10.52-186.21% and 4.50-99.53% in the DEHP-spiked soil in comparison to the controls. All FMBC treatments were better than the BC treatments, in terms of decreasing DBP and DEHP bioavailability for the wheat grains. The activities of the glutamine synthetase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase in the flag leaves at the filling stage and of granule-bound starch synthase, soluble starch synthase, and adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase in the grains at maturity increased significantly with increases in either the BC or FMBC applications. This, in turn, increased the starch, protein, and amino acid content in the wheat grains. Compared with the BC treatment, the FMBC amendment induced only slight increases in the aforementioned factors. This study offers novel insights into potential strategies for decreasing PAEs bioavailability in soil, with potential positive implications for crop quality and environmental health improvements.
邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs），如邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP），被广泛用作添加剂和增塑剂，并且在环境中无处不在。土壤中的 PAEs 可能通过食物链的积累对农作物和人类产生不良影响。因此，探索减少邻苯二甲酸酯生物有效性的策略非常重要。我们研究了 Fe-Mn 氧化物改性生物炭复合材料（FMBC）的应用对 DBP 和 DEHP 污染的棕壤中小麦生长质量的影响。与对照相比，FMBC 和生物炭（BC）的应用使 DBP 污染土壤中小麦籽粒生物量增加了 9.71-223.01%和 5.40-120.15%，DEHP 污染土壤中增加了 10.52-186.21%和 4.50-99.53%。与 BC 处理相比，所有 FMBC 处理均能更好地降低 DBP 和 DEHP 对小麦籽粒的生物有效性。在灌浆期旗叶和成熟期粒中，谷氨酰胺合成酶和谷氨酸-丙酮酸转氨酶的活性以及颗粒结合淀粉合成酶、可溶性淀粉合成酶和腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶的活性均随 BC 或 FMBC 应用的增加而显著增加。这反过来又增加了小麦籽粒中的淀粉、蛋白质和氨基酸含量。与 BC 处理相比，FMBC 改良仅轻微增加了上述因素。本研究为降低土壤中 PAEs 生物有效性的潜在策略提供了新的思路，对提高作物质量和改善环境健康具有潜在的积极意义。
