1Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
2University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Jan 4;104(3):1013-1017. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1120.
Anemia is a leading cause of morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. The etiologies of anemia are multifactorial, and it is unclear what proportion of anemia is attributable to malaria in children of different ages in Malawi. We evaluated the population attributable fraction (PAF) of anemia due to malaria using multiple cross-sectional surveys in southern Malawi. We found a high prevalence of anemia, with the greatest proportion attributable to malaria among school-age children (5-15 years) in the rainy season (PAF = 18.8% [95% CI: 16.3, 21.0], compared with PAF = 5.2% [95% CI: 4.0, 6.2] among young children pooled across season [< 5 years] and PAF = 9.7% [95% CI: 6.5, 12.4] among school-age children in the dry season). Malaria control interventions will likely lead to decreases in anemia, especially among school-age children.
贫血是撒哈拉以南非洲地区发病率的主要原因。贫血的病因是多因素的，尚不清楚在马拉维不同年龄段的儿童中，贫血中有多大比例是由疟疾引起的。我们在马拉维南部进行了多项横断面调查，评估了疟疾导致贫血的人群归因分数（PAF）。我们发现贫血的患病率很高，在雨季，学龄儿童（5-15 岁）中，疟疾导致贫血的比例最大（PAF = 18.8%[95%CI：16.3，21.0]，而在旱季，将所有季节（<5 岁）的幼儿和雨季的学龄儿童（PAF = 9.7%[95%CI：6.5，12.4]）合并计算，PAF = 5.2%[95%CI：4.0，6.2]）。疟疾控制干预措施可能会导致贫血率下降，尤其是在学龄儿童中。
