Vera C. Kaelin, MScOT, is PhD Student and Graduate Research Assistant, Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Dianna L. Bosak, BA, is OTD Student, Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA. At the time of this study, Bosak was Undergraduate Research Assistant, Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Am J Occup Ther. 2021 Jan-Feb;75(1):7501205090p1-7501205090p11. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2021.041962.
Evidence on common types of participation-focused caregiver strategies can help occupational therapy practitioners to take an evidence-based approach to designing participation-focused practice.
To identify and explore types of caregiver strategies to support young children's participation in valued occupations in the home and community.
Qualitative study using a subset of data collected online with the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM). Narrative responses about strategy use were content coded to the family of Participation-Related Constructs (fPRC) framework using a deductive analytic approach to identify relevant types of participation-focused strategies used in the home and community. Responses were further analyzed within each relevant fPRC construct using an inductive analytic approach to identify the scope of strategies used for each construct.
Early intervention.
Caregivers (N = 106) of young children receiving early intervention.
Caregivers' strategies to support their child's home and community participation, provided by the YC-PEM.
Caregivers most commonly adapted the child's environment or context to support their child's home and community participation (45.06%). The least common focus of caregiver strategies was the child's activity competencies (11.16%). Three or more types of caregiver strategies were identified for each participation-related construct.
Results indicated that caregivers used a range of strategies related to each of the participation-related constructs to support their child's participation in home and community occupations, most commonly targeting the environment. Occupational therapy practitioners can select from this range of strategies when planning participation-focused early intervention with families.
This study yields new evidence on the scope of caregiver strategy use to support young children's participation in home and community occupations. Occupational therapy practitioners can apply this evidence to anticipate common areas of caregiver strategy use in participation-focused practice with families in early intervention.
有关常见的以参与为重点的照护者策略的证据可以帮助职业治疗从业者采用基于证据的方法来设计以参与为重点的实践。
确定并探讨支持幼儿在家中和社区中参与有价值的活动的照护者策略类型。
使用从在线收集的 Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) 数据中提取的子集进行定性研究。关于策略使用的叙述性回复根据参与相关结构 (fPRC) 框架进行内容编码，采用演绎分析方法确定在家中和社区中使用的相关以参与为重点的策略类型。然后，在每个相关的 fPRC 结构中，采用归纳分析方法分析回复，以确定每个结构使用的策略范围。
早期干预。
接受早期干预的幼儿的照护者 (N = 106)。
YC-PEM 提供的照护者支持其子女在家中和社区参与的策略。
照护者最常通过调整儿童的环境或背景来支持其子女在家中和社区中的参与 (45.06%)。照护者策略最不常见的重点是儿童的活动能力 (11.16%)。每个参与相关结构都确定了三种或更多类型的照护者策略。
结果表明，照护者使用了与每个参与相关结构相关的一系列策略来支持其子女在家中和社区活动中的参与，最常见的是针对环境。职业治疗从业者可以在为家庭规划以参与为重点的早期干预时，从这些策略中进行选择。
本研究提供了有关支持幼儿在家中和社区参与活动的照护者策略使用范围的新证据。职业治疗从业者可以将此证据应用于在早期干预中与家庭进行以参与为重点的实践时，预测照护者策略使用的常见领域。
