父母支持自闭症谱系障碍儿童进餐参与的策略。
Parents' Strategies to Support Mealtime Participation of Their Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.
作者信息
Ausderau Karla K, St John Brittany, Kwaterski Kristen N, Nieuwenhuis Beth, Bradley Erin
机构信息
Karla K. Ausderau, PhD, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, and Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison;
Brittany St. John, MS, OTR/L, is Graduate Student, Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
出版信息
Am J Occup Ther. 2019 Jan/Feb;73(1):7301205070p1-7301205070p10. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2019.024612.
OBJECTIVE
We identified and described the strategies parents use to support the mealtime participation of their child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
METHOD
Twelve families with children with ASD (ages 2-7 yr) participated in videotaped mealtime observations. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify strategies families used to facilitate participation.
RESULTS
Six categories were identified: (1) parent intervening and ignoring, (2) meal preparation and adaptability, (3) play and imagination, (4) distractions, (5) positive reinforcements, and (6) modeling. Props-common child objects that support the child's mealtime participation-were used in the context of multiple strategies. In addition, increased parental vigilance emerged as an important component of all family mealtimes.
CONCLUSION
Families used multiple strategies within and across mealtimes, highlighting the individualistic nature of feeding challenges. Understanding parent mealtime strategies allows for further investigation into the efficacy and development of intervention strategies to promote mealtime participation of children with ASD.
目的
我们识别并描述了家长为支持自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童进餐参与所采用的策略。
方法
12个有ASD儿童（年龄在2至7岁之间）的家庭参与了进餐时间的录像观察。采用定性内容分析法来识别家庭用于促进参与的策略。
结果
识别出六类策略：（1）家长干预与忽视，（2）膳食准备与适应性，（3）游戏与想象，（4）分散注意力，（5）积极强化，以及（6）示范。道具——支持儿童进餐参与的常见儿童物品——在多种策略的背景下被使用。此外，家长警惕性的提高成为所有家庭进餐时间的一个重要组成部分。
结论
家庭在进餐时间内和不同进餐时间使用了多种策略，突出了喂养挑战的个体性。了解家长的进餐策略有助于进一步研究促进ASD儿童进餐参与的干预策略的效果和发展。
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