Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013, India.
Chem Soc Rev. 2021 Jan 7;50(1):243-472. doi: 10.1039/d0cs00688b. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
In industries and academic laboratories, several late transition metal-catalyzed prerequisite reactions are widely performed during single and multistep synthesis. However, besides the desired products, these reactions lead to the generation of numerous chemical waste materials, by-products, hazardous gases, and other poisonous materials, which are discarded in the environment. This is partly responsible for the creation of global warming, resulting in climate adversities. Thus, the development of environmentally benign, cheap, easily accessible, and earth-abundant metal catalysts is desirable to minimize these issues. Certainly, iron is one of the most important metals belonging to this family. The field of iron catalysis has been explored in the last two-three decades out of its rich chemistry depending on its oxidation states and ligand cooperation. Moreover, this field has been enriched by the promising development of iron-catalyzed reactions namely, C-H bond activation, including organometallic C-H activation and C-H functionalization via outer-sphere pathway, cross-dehydrogenative couplings, insertion reactions, cross-coupling reactions, hydrogenations including hydrogen borrowing reactions, hydrosilylation and hydroboration, addition reactions and substitution reactions. Thus, herein an inclusive overview of these reaction have been well documented.
在工业和学术实验室中，单步和多步合成过程中广泛进行了几种晚期过渡金属催化的先决反应。然而，除了所需的产物外，这些反应还会产生大量的化学废物、副产物、有害气体和其他有毒物质，这些物质被丢弃在环境中。这在一定程度上导致了全球变暖，从而导致了气候逆境。因此，开发环境友好、廉价、易于获得和丰富的金属催化剂是可取的，以尽量减少这些问题。当然，铁是属于这一家族的最重要的金属之一。铁催化领域在过去的二三十年中得到了探索，这是基于其氧化态和配体协同作用的丰富化学性质。此外，通过铁催化反应的有希望的发展，如 C-H 键活化，包括有机金属 C-H 活化和通过外球途径的 C-H 官能化、交叉脱氢偶联、插入反应、交叉偶联反应、氢化（包括氢借反应）、硅氢化和硼氢化、加成反应和取代反应，丰富了这一领域。因此，本文对这些反应进行了全面的综述。
