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强酸催化非活化烯烃与吲哚的不对称分子内环化反应。

Strong and Confined Acids Catalyze Asymmetric Intramolecular Hydroarylations of Unactivated Olefins with Indoles.

机构信息

Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.

Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.

出版信息

J Am Chem Soc. 2021 Jan 20;143(2):675-680. doi: 10.1021/jacs.0c12042. Epub 2021 Jan 5.

Abstract

In recent years, several organocatalytic asymmetric hydroarylations of activated, electron-poor olefins with activated, electron-rich arenes have been described. In contrast, only a few approaches that can handle , electronically neutral olefins have been reported and invariably require transition metal catalysts. Here we show how an efficient and highly enantioselective catalytic asymmetric intramolecular hydroarylation of aliphatic and aromatic olefins with indoles can be realized using strong and confined IDPi Brønsted acid catalysts. This unprecedented transformation is enabled by tertiary carbocation formation and establishes quaternary stereogenic centers in excellent enantioselectivity and with a broad substrate scope that includes an aliphatic iodide, an azide, and an alkyl boronate, which can be further elaborated into bioactive molecules.

摘要

近年来,人们已经描述了几种使用活化的、缺电子的烯烃与活化的、富电子的芳烃进行的有机催化不对称氢芳基化反应。相比之下,只有少数几种可以处理电子中性烯烃的方法被报道,而且这些方法无一例外地需要过渡金属催化剂。在这里,我们展示了如何使用强和受限的 IDPi Brønsted 酸催化剂实现脂肪族和芳香族烯烃与吲哚的高效和高对映选择性的催化不对称分子内氢芳基化反应。这种前所未有的转化是通过叔碳正离子的形成来实现的,并在优异的对映选择性和广泛的底物范围内建立了季立体中心,其中包括脂肪族碘化物、叠氮化物和烷基硼酸酯,它们可以进一步被修饰成生物活性分子。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd76/7830113/f15b608ce2ea/ja0c12042_0002.jpg

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