Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China.
Transgenic Res. 2021 Feb;30(1):105-119. doi: 10.1007/s11248-020-00230-x. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
The releasing of transgenic soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) into farming systems raises concerns that transgenes might escape from the soybeans via pollen into their endemic wild relatives, the wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.). The fitness of F1 hybrids obtained from 10 wild soybean populations collected from China and transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybean was measured without weed competition, as well as one JLBC-1 F1 hybrid under weed competition. All crossed seeds emerged at a lower rate from 13.33-63.33%. Compared with those of their wild progenitors, most F1 hybrids were shorter, smaller, and with decreased aboveground dry biomass, pod number, and 100-seed weight. All F1 hybrids had lower pollen viability and filled seeds per plant. Finally, the composite fitness of nine F1 hybrids was significantly lower. One exceptional F1 hybrid was IMBT F1, in which the composite fitness was 1.28, which was similar to that of its wild progenitor due to the similarities in pod number, increased aboveground dry biomass, and 100-seed weight. Under weed competition, plant height, aboveground dry biomass, pod number per plant, filled seed number per plant, and 100-seed weight of JLBC-1 F1 were lower than those of the wild progenitor JLBC-1. JLBC-1 F1 hybrids produced 60 filled seeds per plant. Therefore, F1 hybrids could emerge and produce offspring. Thus, effective measures should be taken to prevent gene flow from transgenic soybean to wild soybean to avoid the production F1 hybrids when releasing transgenic soybean in fields in the future.
将转基因大豆（Glycine max (L.) Merr.）释放到农业系统中引起了人们的担忧，即转基因可能会通过花粉从大豆逃逸到其本地野生亲缘种——野生大豆（Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.）中。在没有杂草竞争的情况下，测量了从中国收集的 10 个野生大豆种群和转基因抗草甘膦大豆获得的 F1 杂种的适应性，以及一个 JLBC-1 F1 杂种在杂草竞争下的适应性。所有杂交种子的萌发率都较低，范围为 13.33%-63.33%。与野生亲本相比，大多数 F1 杂种的株高更矮、植株更小，地上干生物量、荚数和百粒重减少。所有 F1 杂种的花粉活力和每株结实种子数都较低。最后，九个 F1 杂种的综合适应性明显较低。一个例外的 F1 杂种是 IMBT F1，其综合适应性为 1.28，与野生亲本相似，因为荚数、地上干生物量和百粒重相似。在杂草竞争下，JLBC-1 F1 的株高、地上干生物量、每株荚数、每株结实种子数和百粒重均低于野生亲本 JLBC-1。JLBC-1 F1 杂种每株产生 60 粒结实种子。因此，F1 杂种可以出现并产生后代。因此，在未来田间释放转基因大豆时，应采取有效措施防止转基因大豆向野生大豆的基因流动，以避免产生 F1 杂种。
