Key Laboratory on Biosafety of Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2023 Sep 14;23(1):424. doi: 10.1186/s12870-023-04398-2.
Crop-wild hybridization has generated great concerns since gene flow can be an avenue for transgene escape. However, a rather limited number of studies on risk assessment regarding the dispersion of transgenes from GM soybean to populations of its wild relatives have been previously conducted.
The results of the 3-year experiment demonstrated that hybrids between GM soybeans and wild soybean had lower seed germination and higher seed productivity than GM soybean. Both of these features of hybrid (especially F and F) were similar to those of wild soybean. Furthermore, the foreign protein was stably expressed in hybrid EPSPS positive plants; however, no difference was observed in agronomic measurements between hybrids that are glyphosate sensitive or resistant, homozygous or heterozygous for the transgene, indicating that the presence of the EPSPS transgene does not affect the vigor of hybrid. In contrast, hybridization between GM soybean and wild soybean may have more impact on hybrid growth and fecundity, this increase in biomass and yield confers a potential competition benefit to hybrids.
Gene flow from GM soybean to wild soybean has the potential to promote the adaptability of hybrids and may increase the possibility of dispersal of transgenes in wild soybean relatives.
作物-野生种杂交引起了人们的极大关注，因为基因流可能是转基因逃逸的途径。然而，之前关于转基因从转基因大豆向其野生近缘种扩散的风险评估的研究相当有限。
3 年的实验结果表明，转基因大豆与野生大豆的杂种种子发芽率较低，种子产量较高，低于转基因大豆。杂种（尤其是 F 和 F）的这两个特征与野生大豆相似。此外，外源蛋白在杂种 EPSPS 阳性植株中稳定表达；然而，在对草甘膦敏感或抗性、转基因纯合或杂合的杂种进行农艺测量时，没有观察到差异，表明 EPSPS 转基因的存在并不影响杂种的活力。相比之下，转基因大豆与野生大豆之间的杂交可能对杂种的生长和繁殖力有更大的影响，这种生物量和产量的增加赋予了杂种潜在的竞争优势。
转基因大豆向野生大豆的基因流有可能促进杂种的适应性，并可能增加转基因在野生大豆近缘种中的扩散可能性。
