Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
Department of Cancer Pathology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
Clin J Gastroenterol. 2021 Apr;14(2):393-401. doi: 10.1007/s12328-020-01327-w. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
Adenomyomatous hyperplasia (AH) is a tumor-like inflammatory hyperplastic lesion. In the biliary system, AH commonly arises in the gallbladder, but AH of the extrahepatic bile duct is extremely rare. AH usually develops and is found with symptoms related to biliary stenosis or obstruction, but there are few disease-specific manifestations. It is difficult to make a definitive diagnosis by imaging or cytopathological examination; thus, surgical resections were performed in all past reported cases. The pathophysiological etiology of AH is unknown, but it is considered to be associated with chronic inflammation. According to the epidemiological findings of cases reported to date, the possibility of malignant transformation is considered to be negative. However, the symptoms and imaging findings of AH are difficult to distinguish from those of early-stage bile duct carcinoma. In the current review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of AH of the bile duct.
腺肌增生症（AH）是一种类似肿瘤的炎症性增生性病变。在胆道系统中，AH 通常发生在胆囊，但肝外胆管的 AH 极为罕见。AH 通常在与胆道狭窄或阻塞相关的症状出现时发展和被发现，但该病特异性表现较少。通过影像学或细胞病理学检查难以做出明确诊断；因此，所有过去报告的病例均进行了手术切除。AH 的病理生理学病因尚不清楚，但据认为与慢性炎症有关。根据迄今为止报告病例的流行病学发现，恶性转化的可能性被认为是阴性的。然而，AH 的症状和影像学表现与胆管癌早期难以区分。在本综述中，我们讨论了胆管 AH 的流行病学、病理生理学、诊断和治疗。
