Department of Molecular Diagnosis and Cancer Prevention, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan.
Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Cancer Sci. 2021 Mar;112(3):1105-1113. doi: 10.1111/cas.14798. Epub 2021 Feb 7.
Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) is an important biomarker for predicting the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on advanced solid tumors. Microsatellite instability-high is detected in various cancers, but its frequency varies by cancer type and stage. Therefore, precise frequency is required to plan ICI therapy. In this study, the results of MSI tests actually carried out in clinical practice were investigated. In total, 26 469 samples of various cancers were examined between December 2018 and November 2019 to determine whether programmed cell death-1 blockade was indicated. The results of MSI tests were obtained for 26 237 (99.1%) of these samples. The male : female ratio was 51:49 and mean age was 64.3 years. In all samples, the overall frequency of MSI-H was 3.72%. By gender, the frequency of MSI-H was higher in female patients (4.75%) than in male patients (2.62%; P < .001). A comparison by age revealed that the frequency of MSI-H was significantly higher in patients younger than 40 years of age (6.12%) and 80 years or older (5.77%) than in patients aged between 60 and 79 years (3.09%; P < .001). Microsatellite instability-high was detected in 30 cancer types. Common cancer types were: endometrial cancer, 16.85%; small intestinal cancer, 8.63%; gastric cancer, 6.74%; duodenal cancer, 5.60%; and colorectal cancer, 3.78%. Microsatellite instability-high was detected in cancer derived from a wide variety of organs. The frequency of MSI-H varied by cancer type and onset age. These data should prove especially useful when considering ICI treatment.
微卫星不稳定性高（MSI-H）是预测免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）对晚期实体瘤疗效的重要生物标志物。MSI-H 存在于各种癌症中，但不同癌症类型和分期的频率不同。因此，需要精确的频率来计划 ICI 治疗。在本研究中，调查了实际临床实践中进行的 MSI 检测结果。总共检查了 2018 年 12 月至 2019 年 11 月 26469 例各种癌症的样本，以确定是否需要进行程序性细胞死亡-1 阻断。这些样本中 26237 例（99.1%）获得了 MSI 检测结果。男性：女性比例为 51:49，平均年龄为 64.3 岁。在所有样本中，MSI-H 的总体频率为 3.72%。按性别，女性患者（4.75%）的 MSI-H 频率高于男性患者（2.62%；P<0.001）。按年龄比较，60-79 岁患者（3.09%）与 40 岁以下（6.12%）和 80 岁及以上（5.77%）患者的 MSI-H 频率显著更高（P<0.001）。在 30 种癌症类型中检测到 MSI-H。常见的癌症类型有：子宫内膜癌，16.85%；小肠癌，8.63%；胃癌，6.74%；十二指肠癌，5.60%；结直肠癌，3.78%。MSI-H 存在于各种器官来源的癌症中。MSI-H 的频率因癌症类型和发病年龄而异。这些数据在考虑 ICI 治疗时应特别有用。
