Nazir Romaan, Kumar Vijay, Gupta Suphala, Dwivedi Padmanabh, Pandey Devendra Kumar, Dey Abhijit
Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Jan;105(2):569-585. doi: 10.1007/s00253-020-11055-3. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Diosgenin is a plant-derived secondary metabolite mainly present in the members of the plant family Dioscoreaceae. It is a pharmaceutically important compound because of its anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, anticoagulant, anti-thrombosis, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-ageing and other properties. Biotechnology provides an opportunity to genetically manipulate cells, tissues, organs or the whole organisms by propagating them in vitro in order to harvest the bioactive compounds. Diosgenin production from botanical sources is being improved by in vitro techniques which include elicitation, genetic transformations and bioconversions. Various techniques have been developed to obtain compounds for drug detection including separation from plants and other natural sources, molecular modelling, synthetic chemistry and combinatorial chemistry. Development in molecular markers determines genetic relationship, genetic linkage map construction, genetic diversity and identification. For rapid clonal propagation and ex situ conservation, the in vitro tools involving plant cell, tissue and organ culture have been well documented for plant-derived diosgenin production. The present review encompasses the wide application of the biotechnological techniques for diosgenin production via elucidating its biosynthetic pathway, in vitro production and mass propagation and elicitation. In addition, molecular marker-mediated diversity assessment of diosgenin containing plant species is also discussed. The review also presents the recent literature to explore the limitations of the relevant studies and future direction of research on production of diosgenin from Dioscorea spp. KEY POINTS: • Critical and updated assessment on sustainable production of diosgenin from Dioscorea spp. • In vitro propagation of Dioscorea spp. and elicitation of diosgenin production. • Diversity assessment of Dioscorea spp. using molecular markers.
薯蓣皂苷元是一种植物源次生代谢产物，主要存在于薯蓣科植物中。由于其具有抗癌、抗糖尿病、抗凝血、抗血栓形成、抗炎、抗病毒、抗衰老等特性，它是一种具有重要药学意义的化合物。生物技术提供了一个通过体外培养细胞、组织、器官或整个生物体来进行基因操作的机会，以便收获生物活性化合物。通过包括诱导、遗传转化和生物转化在内的体外技术，正在提高从植物来源生产薯蓣皂苷元的产量。已经开发了各种技术来获得用于药物检测的化合物，包括从植物和其他天然来源分离、分子建模、合成化学和组合化学。分子标记的发展决定了遗传关系、遗传连锁图谱构建、遗传多样性和鉴定。为了快速克隆繁殖和迁地保护，涉及植物细胞、组织和器官培养的体外工具已被充分记录用于植物源薯蓣皂苷元的生产。本综述通过阐明其生物合成途径、体外生产、大规模繁殖和诱导，涵盖了生物技术在薯蓣皂苷元生产中的广泛应用。此外，还讨论了分子标记介导的含薯蓣皂苷元植物物种的多样性评估。该综述还介绍了最近的文献，以探讨相关研究的局限性以及从薯蓣属植物生产薯蓣皂苷元的未来研究方向。要点：• 对薯蓣属植物可持续生产薯蓣皂苷元的批判性和最新评估。• 薯蓣属植物的体外繁殖和薯蓣皂苷元生产的诱导。• 使用分子标记对薯蓣属植物进行多样性评估。
