Williams Lynn, Flowers Paul, McLeod Julie, Young David, Rollins Lesley
School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Jan 4;9(1):17. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9010017.
Vaccination is central to controlling COVID-19. Its success relies on having safe and effective vaccines and also on high levels of uptake by the public over time. Addressing questions of population-level acceptability, stability of acceptance, and sub-population variation in acceptability are imperative. Using a prospective design, a repeated measures two-wave online survey was conducted to assess key sociodemographic variables and intention to accept a COVID-19 vaccine. The first survey (Time 1) was completed by 3436 people during the period of national lockdown in Scotland and the second survey (n = 2016) was completed two months later (Time 2) when restrictions had been eased. In the first survey, 74% reported being willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Logistic regression analyses showed that there were clear sociodemographic differences in intention to accept a vaccine for COVID-19 with intention being higher in participants of white ethnicity as compared with Black, Asian, and minority ethnic (BAME) groups, and in those with higher income levels and higher education levels. Intention was also higher in those who had "shielding" status due to underlying medical conditions. Our results suggest that future interventions, such as mass media and social marketing, need to be targeted at a range of sub-populations and diverse communities.
疫苗接种是控制新冠疫情的核心。其成功依赖于拥有安全有效的疫苗，以及随着时间推移公众的高接种率。解决人群层面的可接受性、接受度的稳定性以及不同亚人群在可接受性方面的差异等问题势在必行。采用前瞻性设计，开展了一项重复测量的两波在线调查，以评估关键的社会人口统计学变量以及接受新冠疫苗的意愿。第一次调查（时间1）在苏格兰全国封锁期间由3436人完成，第二次调查（n = 2016）在两个月后（时间2）限制放宽时完成。在第一次调查中，74%的人表示愿意接种新冠疫苗。逻辑回归分析表明，在接受新冠疫苗的意愿方面存在明显的社会人口统计学差异，白人参与者的意愿高于黑人、亚洲人和少数族裔（BAME）群体，以及收入水平和教育水平较高的人群。因基础疾病而处于“防护”状态的人的意愿也更高。我们的结果表明，未来的干预措施，如大众媒体和社会营销，需要针对一系列亚人群和不同社区。
