Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Health Promotion and Prevention of Chronic Diseases, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 27;20(3):2284. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032284.
The participation of older adults in population health interventions constitutes a key factor in their physical, mental and social health. The aim of this study was to determine variables considered as enablers and barriers to participation in health programmes.
The conceptual framework of the study was developed and population health interventions were operationalised as health programmes. A total of 805 older adults participated in a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included questions about socio-demographic, health and social connectedness-related factors as well as participation in population health interventions/programmes. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between respondents' characteristics and participation in the intervention.
Participation in health programmes was declared by 316 respondents. The enablers of participation were general practitioner's affability (OR = 2.638 [1.453-4.791], = 0.001), three or more social activities (OR = 3.415 [1.477-7.894], = 0.004), taking part in support groups (OR = 4.743 [1.255-17.929], = 0.022) and involvement in Universities of the Third Age (OR = 2.829 [1.093-7.327], = 0.032). The barriers were primary education (OR = 0.385 [0.215-0.690], = 0.001), infrequent general practitioner's appointments (OR = 0.500 [0.281-0.888], = 0.018) and lack of social activity (OR = 0.455 [0.299-0.632], < 0.001).
The enablers of participation appeared to solely include variables regarding health service utilisation, patient experience and social activity, i.e., interpersonal and community relationships, not intrapersonal factors.
老年人参与人口健康干预是其身心健康的关键因素。本研究旨在确定被认为是参与健康计划的促进因素和障碍因素。
研究的概念框架得以制定，并将人口健康干预措施具体化为健康计划。共有 805 名老年人参与了问卷调查。问卷内容包括社会人口统计学、健康和社会联系因素以及参与人口健康干预/计划的情况。采用多因素逻辑回归分析来检验受访者特征与参与干预之间的关系。
有 316 名受访者表示参与了健康计划。参与的促进因素包括全科医生的亲和力（OR = 2.638 [1.453-4.791]， = 0.001）、三种或更多社交活动（OR = 3.415 [1.477-7.894]， = 0.004）、参加支持小组（OR = 4.743 [1.255-17.929]， = 0.022）和参与第三年龄大学（OR = 2.829 [1.093-7.327]， = 0.032）。障碍因素包括小学教育（OR = 0.385 [0.215-0.690]， = 0.001）、全科医生预约频率低（OR = 0.500 [0.281-0.888]， = 0.018）和缺乏社交活动（OR = 0.455 [0.299-0.632]， < 0.001）。
参与的促进因素似乎仅包括与卫生服务利用、患者体验和社交活动相关的变量，即人际关系和社区关系，而不包括内在因素。
