Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Campus Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich and Campus Innenstadt: Maistr. 11, 80337 Munich, Germany.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fu Dan University School of Medicine, Fenglin Rd. 180, Shanghai 200030, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 4;22(1):433. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010433.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα, PPAR, and PPAR) belong to the transcription factor family, and they are highly expressed in all types of trophoblast during pregnancy. The present review discusses currently published papers that are related to the regulation of PPARs via lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, and amino acid metabolism to affect trophoblast physiological conditions, including differentiation, maturation, secretion, fusion, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Recent pieces of evidence have proven that the dysfunctions of PPARs in trophoblast lead to several related pregnancy diseases such as recurrent miscarriage, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms of PPARs in the control of these processes have been discussed as well. Finally, this review's purposes are to provide more knowledge about the role of PPARs in normal and disturbed pregnancy with trophoblast, so as to find PPAR ligands as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment and prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPARα、PPARγ 和 PPARδ）属于转录因子家族，在妊娠期间所有类型的滋养细胞中均高度表达。本综述讨论了目前已发表的与通过脂质代谢、葡萄糖代谢和氨基酸代谢调节 PPAR 以影响滋养细胞生理条件（包括分化、成熟、分泌、融合、增殖、迁移和侵袭）相关的论文。最近的证据证明，滋养细胞中 PPAR 的功能障碍导致几种与妊娠相关的疾病，如复发性流产、子痫前期、胎儿宫内生长受限和妊娠期糖尿病。此外，还讨论了 PPAR 在控制这些过程中的潜在机制。最后，本综述的目的是提供更多关于 PPAR 在正常和异常妊娠滋养细胞中的作用的知识，以便寻找 PPAR 配体作为治疗和预防不良妊娠结局的潜在治疗靶点。
