Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, av. al-Farabi 71, 050040, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Kazakh British Technical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Theor Biol Med Model. 2021 Jan 6;18(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s12976-020-00133-8.
The functions of the nasal cavity are very important for maintaining the internal environment of the lungs since the inner walls of the nasal cavity control the temperature and saturation of the inhaled air with water vapor until the nasopharynx is reached. In this paper, three-dimensional computational studies of airflow transport in the models of the nasal cavity were carried out for the usual inspiratory velocity in various environmental conditions. Three-dimensional numerical results are compared with experimental data and calculations of other authors. Numerical results show that during normal breathing, the human nose copes with heat and relative moisture metabolism in order to balance the intra-alveolar conditions. It is also shown in this paper that a normal nose can maintain balance even in extreme conditions, for example, in cold and hot weather. The nasal cavity accelerates heat transfer by narrowing the air passages and swirls from the nasal concha walls of the inner cavity.
鼻腔的功能对于维持肺部的内部环境非常重要，因为鼻腔的内壁控制着吸入空气的温度和水蒸气饱和度，直到到达鼻咽部。在本文中，针对各种环境条件下的通常吸气速度，对鼻腔模型中的气流输送进行了三维计算研究。将三维数值结果与实验数据和其他作者的计算结果进行了比较。数值结果表明，在正常呼吸过程中，人类的鼻子能够应对热量和相对湿度代谢，以平衡肺泡内的条件。本文还表明，即使在极端条件下，例如在寒冷和炎热的天气中，正常的鼻子也能够保持平衡。鼻腔通过缩小气道和从内部腔室的鼻甲壁产生的漩涡来加速热量传递。
