Department of Otolaryngology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, UK.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2011 Mar-Apr;1(2):128-35. doi: 10.1002/alr.20021.
This study quantifies the time-varying flow rate during inspiration at rest and in sniffing, both predecongestion and postdecongestion. It aims to provide a better understanding of nasal airflow mechanics, for application to the physiological modeling of nasal respiration and to therapeutic drug delivery.
The temporal profiles of nasal inspiration were measured at high fidelity in 14 healthy individuals using simultaneous bilateral hot-wire anemometry. Peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) rate, acoustic rhinometry (AR), and the sinonasal outcome test (SNOT) provided complementary clinical measurements. The impact of decongestion was also investigated.
In the initial phase of inspiration, a rapid rise in flow rate was observed. Flow first exceeded 150 mL/second in either passage within a median time of approximately 120 ms for inspiration at rest and approximately 60 ms in sniffing (∼20 ms in the fastest sniffs). The mean sustained flow rate attained and the overall period of each measured inspiratory profile were analyzed. AR showed a significant change in nasal volume with decongestion, although these change were not manifest in the temporal profiles of inspiratory flow (barring a weak effect associated with the most vigorous sniffs).
Novel methods were applied to investigate the temporal profiles of nasal inspiration. Characteristic features of the profile were identified and found to be significantly different between inspiration at rest and sniffing. Decongestion was found to have little effect on the temporal profiles for the flow regimes studied.
本研究定量测量了休息和嗅探时鼻塞前和鼻塞后的吸气时变流速。目的是更好地了解鼻腔气流力学，应用于鼻腔呼吸的生理建模和治疗药物输送。
使用双侧热线风速仪以高保真度测量了 14 名健康个体的鼻吸气时间曲线。最大鼻吸气峰流速（PNIF）率、鼻声反射测量法（AR）和鼻鼻窦结局测试（SNOT）提供了补充的临床测量。还研究了鼻塞的影响。
在吸气的初始阶段，观察到流速的快速上升。在休息时，流速首先在大约 120 毫秒内超过 150 毫升/秒，而在嗅探时，流速首先超过 150 毫升/秒的时间约为 60 毫秒（最快的嗅探中约为 20 毫秒）。分析了达到的平均持续流速和每个测量吸气曲线的总周期。AR 显示出鼻塞后的鼻腔体积有显著变化，但这些变化在吸气流速的时间曲线中没有表现出来（除了与最剧烈的嗅探相关的微弱影响外）。
应用新方法研究了鼻吸气的时间曲线。确定了曲线的特征，并发现其在休息和嗅探时明显不同。发现鼻塞对所研究的流量状态的时间曲线几乎没有影响。
