Strenge Benjamin, Koester Dirk, Schack Thomas
Neurocognition and Action Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Center for Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Sport Psychology, Faculty Business and Management, BSP Business School Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2020 Dec 21;11:597913. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.597913. eCollection 2020.
The interdisciplinary research area Cognitive Interaction Technology (CIT) aims to understand and support interactions between human users and other elements of socio-technical systems. Important reasons for the new interest in understanding CIT in sport psychology are the impressive development of cognitive robotics and advanced technologies such as virtual or augmented reality systems, cognitive glasses or neurotechnology settings. The present article outlines this area of research, addresses ethical issues, and presents an empirical study in the context of a new measurement and assessment system for training in karate. Recent advances in the field of cognitive assistance systems enabled largely automatized assessments of individual mental representation structures for action sequences, such as choreographed movement patterns in dance or martial arts. Empirical investigations with karate practitioners of different skill levels demonstrate that advanced software-based survey and algorithmic analysis procedures based on cognitive models generate individualized performance predictions for a movement sequence from the (a pre-defined karate movement sequence), which correlated significantly not only with formal expertise ( rank) but also with the actual likelihood of mistakes in action execution. This information could prospectively be used to define individual training goals for deliberate practice and incorporated into cognitive interaction technology to provide appropriate feedback. We argue that the development of cognitive interaction systems for sport should explicitly take ethical issues into consideration and present a particular developed engineering approach. The potential benefits of such an assistance system for intermediate and advanced practitioners include more effective and flexible practice, as well as supportive effects, and more flexible training schedules. Furthermore, we argue that researchers from the field of sport psychology can benefit from advances in technological systems that enhance the understanding of mental and motor control in skilled voluntary action.
跨学科研究领域认知交互技术（CIT）旨在理解并支持人类用户与社会技术系统的其他要素之间的交互。体育心理学领域对理解CIT产生新兴趣的重要原因在于认知机器人技术以及虚拟或增强现实系统、认知眼镜或神经技术设备等先进技术的惊人发展。本文概述了这一研究领域，探讨了伦理问题，并展示了一项在空手道训练新测量与评估系统背景下的实证研究。认知辅助系统领域的最新进展使得对动作序列（如舞蹈或武术中的编排动作模式）的个体心理表征结构进行大规模自动化评估成为可能。对不同技能水平的空手道练习者进行的实证研究表明，基于认知模型的先进软件调查和算法分析程序能够针对来自（一个预定义的空手道动作序列）的动作序列生成个性化的表现预测，这不仅与正式的专业水平（等级）显著相关，还与动作执行中实际犯错的可能性显著相关。这些信息可前瞻性地用于为刻意练习定义个体训练目标，并纳入认知交互技术以提供适当反馈。我们认为，体育领域认知交互系统的开发应明确考虑伦理问题，并提出一种特别开发的工程方法。这种辅助系统对中级和高级练习者的潜在益处包括更有效、更灵活的练习以及支持性效果，还有更灵活的训练计划。此外，我们认为体育心理学领域的研究人员可从技术系统的进步中受益，这些进步有助于增强对熟练自主动作中心理和运动控制的理解。
