Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, PO Box 2701, Douala, Cameroon.
Antimicrobial & Biocontrol Agents Unit, Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Parasitol Res. 2021 Mar;120(3):785-796. doi: 10.1007/s00436-020-07035-1. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi are parasites belonging to the Trypanosomatidae family and the causative agents for two very important neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), namely leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis, respectively. Together, they affect millions of people worldwide and the number of cases is constantly rising; thus, further effort on identifying and developing non-toxic, affordable and effective new drug is urgently needed to overcome this alarming situation. Exploring natural products from fungal and bacterial origin remains hitherto a valuable approach to find new hits and candidates for the development of new drugs against these protozoal human infections. Endophytes, which are microorganisms (fungal and bacterial) inhabiting plant tissues, represent a promising source, as they hold potential to produce a high number of distinct chemical scaffolds. These structurally diverse natural products have previously been successfully tested against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms. The present review provides an update of endophytic compounds exerting anti-trypanosomal and anti-leishmanial effects and their predicted pharmacokinetic properties.
利什曼原虫属和克氏锥虫属于动基体目锥虫科，分别是两种非常重要的被忽视热带病（NTDs）即利什曼病和锥虫病的病原体。它们共同影响着全球数百万人，且病例数量还在不断增加；因此，迫切需要进一步努力识别和开发非毒性、负担得起和有效的新药，以克服这种令人担忧的局面。探索真菌和细菌来源的天然产物仍然是寻找新的抗这些原生动物人类感染的药物的新靶点和候选药物的有价值的方法。内生菌是栖息在植物组织中的微生物（真菌和细菌），是一种很有前途的来源，因为它们有可能产生大量不同的化学支架。这些结构多样的天然产物以前曾成功地对抗过广泛的致病微生物。本综述提供了具有抗锥虫和抗利什曼原虫作用的内生化合物及其预测的药代动力学特性的最新信息。
