Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, NRI, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland.
DANKO Plant Breeding Ltd., Choryń 27, 64-000, Kościan, Poland.
J Appl Genet. 2021 May;62(2):185-198. doi: 10.1007/s13353-020-00599-9. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a widely applied plant breeding tool for hybrid seed production. The phenomenon is often caused by chimeric genes with altered open reading frames (ORFs) located in the mitochondrial genomes and expressed as novel genotoxic products that induce pollen abortion. The fertility of CMS plants can be restored by nuclear-encoded genes that inhibit the action of ORFs responsible for pollen sterility. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population S64/04/01, encompassing 175 individuals, was used for genetic map construction and identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for fertility restoration in rye (Secale cereale L.) with CMS Pampa. The genetic map of all seven rye chromosomes included 15,516 SNP and silicoDArT markers and covered 1070.5 cm. Individual QTLs explaining 60% and 5.5% of the fertility trait's phenotypic variance were mapped to chromosomes 4R (QRft-4R) and 5R (QRft-5R), respectively. Association mapping identified markers with the highest R value of 0.58 (p value = 2.21E-28). Markers showing the highest associations with the trait were also mapped to the 4R chromosome within the QRft-4R region. Based on marker sequence homology, putative genes involved in pollen fertility restoration were suggested. Five silicoDArTs were converted into PCR-based markers for further breeding purposes.
细胞质雄性不育（CMS）是一种广泛应用于杂种种子生产的植物育种工具。这种现象通常是由嵌合基因引起的，这些基因的开放阅读框（ORFs）发生改变，位于线粒体基因组中，并表达为新型的基因毒性产物，导致花粉败育。CMS 植物的可育性可以通过核编码基因来恢复，这些基因可以抑制导致花粉不育的 ORFs 的作用。一个包含 175 个个体的重组自交系（RIL）作图群体 S64/04/01 被用于构建遗传图谱和鉴定控制黑麦（Secale cereale L.）CMS Pampa 育性恢复的数量性状位点（QTLs）。七个黑麦染色体的遗传图谱包括 15516 个 SNP 和 silicoDArT 标记，覆盖 1070.5cm。解释育性性状表型方差 60%和 5.5%的个体 QTL 分别定位在 4R（QRft-4R）和 5R（QRft-5R）染色体上。关联作图确定了标记的最高 R 值为 0.58（p 值=2.21E-28）。与该性状关联最高的标记也定位在 4R 染色体的 QRft-4R 区域内。根据标记序列的同源性，提出了参与花粉育性恢复的假定基因。将五个 silicoDArTs 转化为基于 PCR 的标记，用于进一步的育种目的。
