Zielinski Acácio A F, Haminiuk Charles W I, Nunes Cleiton A, Schnitzler Egon, van Ruth Saskia M, Granato Daniel
Graduate Program of Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraná. R. Cel, Francisco Heráclito dos Santos 210, Polytechnic Campus, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Food Science and Technology, Graduate Program, State Univ. of Ponta Grossa. Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Uvaranas Campus, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2014 May;13(3):300-316. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12060.
The use of univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistical techniques, such as analysis of variance, multiple comparisons of means, and linear correlations, has spread widely in the area of Food Science and Technology. However, the use of supervised and unsupervised statistical techniques (chemometrics) in order to analyze and model experimental data from physicochemical, sensory, metabolomics, quality control, nutritional, microbiological, and chemical assays in food research has gained more space. Therefore, we present here a manuscript with theoretical details, a critical analysis of published work, and a guideline for the reader to check and propose mathematical models of experimental results using the most promising supervised and unsupervised multivariate statistical techniques, namely: principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, linear discriminant analysis, partial least square regression, k-nearest neighbors, and soft independent modeling of class analogy. In addition, the overall features, advantages, and limitations of such statistical methods are presented and discussed. Published examples are focused on sensory, chemical, and antioxidant activity of a wide range of fruit juices consumed worldwide.
单变量、双变量和多变量统计技术，如方差分析、均值多重比较和线性相关性分析，在食品科学与技术领域已广泛应用。然而，为分析和模拟食品研究中物理化学、感官、代谢组学、质量控制、营养、微生物和化学分析的实验数据而使用的监督和非监督统计技术（化学计量学）已获得更多应用空间。因此，我们在此呈现一篇手稿，其中包含理论细节、对已发表作品的批判性分析，以及为读者提供的一份指南，以使用最具前景的监督和非监督多变量统计技术来检验和提出实验结果的数学模型，这些技术即：主成分分析、层次聚类分析、线性判别分析、偏最小二乘回归、k近邻法和类软独立建模。此外，还介绍并讨论了这些统计方法的总体特征、优点和局限性。已发表的实例聚焦于全球消费的各类果汁的感官、化学和抗氧化活性。
