M Thenral, Annamalai Arunkumar
Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India.
National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian J Psychol Med. 2020 Sep 8;42(5):428-434. doi: 10.1177/0253717620952160. eCollection 2020 Sep.
COVID-19 has a profound impact on people with existing mental disorders, augmenting the prevailing inequalities in mental health.
In order to understand the status of telepsychiatry in India and the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in mental health and its potential applications, a scoping review was done between March 2020 and May 2020. The literature review revealed 253 papers, which were used to derive the primary framework for analysis. The information was then reviewed for ideas and concepts, which were integrated with evidence from gray literature and categorized under broader themes based on the insights derived. Finally, a thematic framework was developed for discussion to tailor scientific information for decision-makers' needs.
Review findings are summarized under the following headings: changing patterns of health-seeking behavior, origin and evolution of telepsychiatry, possible applications of telepsychiatry and AI, technological features, and AI models in mental health.
Though there are several potential opportunities, the time is not yet ripe for telepsychiatry and AI to be adopted fully in the field of mental health care. But it is time that we develop indigenous proprietary technology and test and validate it. With many solutions offered by telepsychiatry and AI, psychiatrists must choose an appropriate tool based on their requirements, availability of resources, and feasibility of deployment. Harmony between conventional care and technology-based care must be reached gradually.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）对现有精神障碍患者产生了深远影响，加剧了心理健康方面普遍存在的不平等现象。
为了解印度远程精神病学的现状以及人工智能（AI）在心理健康中的作用及其潜在应用，于2020年3月至2020年5月进行了一项范围综述。文献综述共筛选出253篇论文，以此构建主要分析框架。随后对这些信息进行观点和概念审查，并与灰色文献中的证据相结合，根据所得见解归类到更宽泛的主题下。最后，制定了一个主题框架以供讨论，以便根据决策者的需求调整科学信息。
综述结果总结如下：就医行为的变化模式、远程精神病学的起源与发展、远程精神病学和人工智能的可能应用、技术特征以及心理健康领域的人工智能模型。
尽管存在若干潜在机遇，但在精神卫生保健领域全面采用远程精神病学和人工智能的时机尚不成熟。不过，现在是我们开发本土专有技术并进行测试和验证的时候了。鉴于远程精神病学和人工智能提供了诸多解决方案，精神科医生必须根据自身需求、资源可用性和部署可行性选择合适的工具。必须逐步实现传统护理与基于技术的护理之间的协调统一。
