Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology,Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria.
Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology,Medical University of Varna , Varna, Bulgaria.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2020 Dec 31;62(4):662-667. doi: 10.3897/folmed.62.e50204..
Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone with known beneficial effects on several body systems other than the musculoskeletal system. Both 25 dihydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)2D] and its active hormonal form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] are essential for hu-man physiological functions, including damping down inflammation and the excessive intracellular oxidative stresses. In the present study we set out to review all available literature on vitamin D and the role it plays in epigenetics and gene regulation. We searched the PubMed/Medline electronic database for studies published in the English language up to January 2020. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) database was searched with the keywords 'vitamin D', 'DNA methylation', 'nutritional supplements', 'epigenome' and 'pregnancy'. Observational studies, supplementation studies, and meta-analyses dealing with the effect of vitamin D on epigenetics and gene regula-tion were included in the review. The obtained information from the databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate was analysed and summarized. We found that hypovitaminosis D increases the incidence and severity of several age-related common diseases such as the oxidative stress-associated metabolic disorders. These include obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, pregnancy complications, memory disorders, osteoporosis, autoimmune diseases, certain cancers, and systemic inflammatory diseases. New understandings of vitamin D-related advances in metabolomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics, in relation to its ability to control oxidative stress in conjunc-tion with micronutrients, vitamins, and antioxidants, following normalization of serum 25(OH)D and tissue 1,25(OH)2D concentra-tions, are likely to promise better cost-effective clinical outcomes in humans. There is a strong reciprocity between the vitamin D system and epigenetic mechanisms. The vitamin D system is, on the one hand regu-lated by epigenetic mechanisms and, on the other hand, is involved in regulating epigenetic events.
维生素 D 是一种固醇类激素，除了骨骼肌肉系统外，对人体其他系统也有有益影响。25-羟维生素 D [25(OH)2D] 和其活性激素形式 1,25-二羟维生素 D [1,25(OH)2D] 对人体生理功能至关重要，包括抑制炎症和过度的细胞内氧化应激。在本研究中，我们综述了所有关于维生素 D 及其在表观遗传学和基因调控中作用的可用文献。我们在英文文献数据库 PubMed/Medline 中搜索了截至 2020 年 1 月发表的研究。我们使用了 Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) 数据库，检索了“vitamin D”、“DNA methylation”、“nutritional supplements”、“epigenome”和“pregnancy”等关键词。纳入了研究维生素 D 对表观遗传学和基因调控影响的观察性研究、补充研究和荟萃分析。我们从 PubMed、Google Scholar 和 ResearchGate 等数据库中获取信息，并进行分析和总结。我们发现，维生素 D 缺乏症会增加几种与年龄相关的常见疾病的发病率和严重程度，如与氧化应激相关的代谢紊乱。这些疾病包括肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、2 型糖尿病、高血压、妊娠并发症、记忆障碍、骨质疏松症、自身免疫性疾病、某些癌症和全身性炎症性疾病。新的认识是，维生素 D 相关的代谢组学、转录组学、表观遗传学方面的进展与其控制氧化应激的能力有关，这种能力与微营养素、维生素和抗氧化剂相结合，在血清 25(OH)D 和组织 1,25(OH)2D 浓度正常化后，可能会在人类中带来更好的成本效益临床结果。维生素 D 系统与表观遗传机制之间存在很强的相互作用。一方面，维生素 D 系统受表观遗传机制调控，另一方面，维生素 D 系统参与调控表观遗传事件。
