Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan; College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Independent Scholar, Amman, Jordan.
Complement Ther Med. 2021 Mar;57:102662. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102662. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
A large number of studies have demonstrated the effects of omega- 3 supplements containing mixtures of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), known to favorably affect many modifiable risk factors of coronary heart disease (CHD). These studies have used diverse ratios and doses of EPA and DHA. However, it is not known whether the ratio of EPA to DHA in omega-3 supplements affect their efficacy as modulators for cardiovascular risk factors. This meta-regression aimed to investigate the effect of different ratios of EPA to DHA on risk factors associated with CHD including lipid profile, blood pressure, heart rate, and inflammation.
A regression analysis was carried out on 92 clinical trials with acceptable quality (Jadad score ≥ 3) that were previously identified from two databases (PubMed and Cochrane Library).
Data from studies that met the inclusion criteria for this analysis showed that the ratio of EPA to DHA was not associated with lipid profile, diastolic blood pressure, or heart rate. With all studies, the ratio of EPA to DHA was associated with C-reactive protein (CRP) (β = -1.3121 (95 % CI: -1.6610 to -0.9543), that is, the higher the EPA to DHA ratio, the greater the reduction. Using only studies that supplied EPA and DHA in the range of 2 g-6 g, the ratio of EPA to DHA was also associated with CRP (β = -2.10429 and 95 % CI: -3.89963 to -0.30895); that is, an even more pronounced reduction in CRP with a higher EPA to DHA ratio. Systolic blood pressure was only associated with an increasing EPA to DHA ratio in the 2 g-6 g range (β = 5.47129 and 95 % CI: 0.40677-10.53580), that is, a higher EPA to DHA ratio within this dose range, the greater the increase in SBP.
Current data suggest that the EPA to DHA ratio only correlates to the modulation of CRP by omega-3 supplementation of EPA and DHA, and SBP in studies that supplemented EPA and DHA in the range of 2 g-6 g, shedding light on potential differential effects of EPA vs. DHA on inflammation and systolic blood pressure.
大量研究表明，含有二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的ω-3 补充剂对冠心病（CHD）的许多可改变的危险因素有有利影响。这些研究使用了不同比例和剂量的 EPA 和 DHA。然而，ω-3 补充剂中 EPA 与 DHA 的比例是否影响其作为心血管危险因素调节剂的功效尚不清楚。这项荟萃回归分析旨在研究 EPA 与 DHA 的不同比例对与 CHD 相关的危险因素的影响，包括血脂谱、血压、心率和炎症。
对从两个数据库（PubMed 和 Cochrane Library）中先前确定的 92 项具有可接受质量（Jadad 评分≥3）的临床试验进行回归分析。
符合本分析纳入标准的研究数据表明，EPA 与 DHA 的比例与血脂谱、舒张压或心率无关。对于所有研究，EPA 与 DHA 的比例与 C 反应蛋白（CRP）相关（β=-1.3121（95%CI：-1.6610 至-0.9543），即 EPA 与 DHA 的比例越高，降低幅度越大。仅使用提供 EPA 和 DHA 剂量在 2-6g 范围内的研究，EPA 与 DHA 的比例也与 CRP 相关（β=-2.10429 和 95%CI：-3.89963 至-0.30895）；即，随着 EPA 与 DHA 的比例增加，CRP 明显降低。仅在 2-6g 范围内，收缩压与 EPA 与 DHA 的比例增加相关（β=5.47129 和 95%CI：0.40677-10.53580），即在此剂量范围内，EPA 与 DHA 的比例越高，SBP 增加越大。
目前的数据表明，EPA 与 DHA 的比例仅与 EPA 和 DHA 补充ω-3 对 CRP 的调节以及补充 EPA 和 DHA 在 2-6g 范围内的 SBP 相关，这表明 EPA 与 DHA 对炎症和收缩压的潜在影响不同。
