Wan-Norafikah Othman, Chen Chee Dhang, Sofian-Azirun Mohd
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
HW ReNeU, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Jan;28(1):1010-1016. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.040. Epub 2020 Nov 17.
larvae obtained from different types of agricultural and non-agricultural localities in Peninsular Malaysia were subjected to several larvicides at World Health Organization (WHO) recommended dosages. Upon 24 h of WHO larval bioassay using two organochlorines and six organophosphates, high resistance against dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), temephos, chlorpyrifos and bromophos were demonstrated among all larval populations. larvae from both paddy growing areas (92.33% mortality) and rubber estates (97.00% mortality) were moderately resistant to dieldrin while only larvae from dengue prone residential areas (89.00% mortality) showed high resistance against dieldrin. All larval populations also developed either incipient or high resistance to both malathion (33.67%-95.33% mortality) and fenitrothion (73.00%-92.67% mortality). Only larvae from fogging-free residential areas that were tolerant to fenthion (97.33% mortality), whereas larvae from dengue prone residential areas were highly resistant to the same organophosphate (88.33% mortality). Cross resistance between intraclass and interclass larvicides of organochlorines and organophosphates were also exhibited in this study. The present study provided baseline data on various susceptibility levels of larval populations from different types of agricultural and non-agricultural localities against organochlorines and organophosphates at WHO recommended dosages. Nevertheless, further susceptibility investigations are suggested using revised doses of larvicides established from the local reference strain of to prevent the underestimation or overestimation of insecticide resistance level among field strains of larvae.
从马来西亚半岛不同类型的农业和非农业地区采集的幼虫，按照世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐的剂量，接受了几种杀幼虫剂的处理。在使用两种有机氯和六种有机磷进行24小时的WHO幼虫生物测定后，所有幼虫种群对滴滴涕、双硫磷、毒死蜱和溴磷均表现出高度抗性。来自水稻种植区（死亡率92.33%）和橡胶种植园（死亡率97.00%）的幼虫对狄氏剂具有中度抗性，而只有来自登革热高发居民区的幼虫（死亡率89.00%）对狄氏剂表现出高度抗性。所有幼虫种群对马拉硫磷（死亡率33.67%-95.33%）和杀螟硫磷（死亡率73.00%-92.67%）也都产生了初期或高度抗性。只有来自无喷雾居民区的幼虫对倍硫磷具有耐受性（死亡率97.33%），而来自登革热高发居民区的幼虫对同一种有机磷具有高度抗性（死亡率88.33%）。本研究还展示了有机氯和有机磷类杀幼虫剂在类内和类间的交叉抗性。本研究提供了不同类型农业和非农业地区幼虫种群对WHO推荐剂量的有机氯和有机磷类药物的各种易感性水平的基线数据。然而，建议使用根据当地参考品系确定的杀幼虫剂修订剂量进行进一步的易感性调查，以防止低估或高估野外幼虫品系的杀虫剂抗性水平。
