Villani Leonardo, McKee Martin, Cascini Fidelia, Ricciardi Walter, Boccia Stefania
Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Universitá Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Front Public Health. 2020 Dec 11;8:620416. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.620416. eCollection 2020.
Europe overall suffered greatly in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic but the impact of different countries varied. Italy was in the forefront, but there too there were differences, with the Lombardy region the epicentre of the pandemic. We report Crude Mortality Rates (CMRs) from deaths reported as due to COVID-19 and, in five countries where age-specific data are available, Standardized Mortality Rates (SMRs) in the European Union and United Kingdom. As of 30th August 2020, Belgium was the country with the highest cumulative CMR (86.3/100,000), but the Lombardy region reached almost double this figure (167.6/100,000), far ahead of the corresponding figure for the rest of Italy at 37.0/100,000. SMRs could be calculated for five countries (Italy, Portugal, Sweden, Germany, and Netherlands). Among them, Sweden had the highest SMR (61.6/100,000). The corresponding figures for Italy, Netherlands, Portugal and Germany were 50.2, 41.4, 15.9, and 10.1 per 100,000, respectively. It is clear that countries within Europe have performed very differently in their responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, but the many limitations in the available data must be addressed before a definitive assessment of the reasons for these differences can be made.
在新冠疫情的早期阶段，整个欧洲都遭受了巨大的痛苦，但不同国家的影响各不相同。意大利处于疫情前沿，但在意大利国内也存在差异，伦巴第地区是疫情的中心。我们报告了欧盟和英国因新冠疫情死亡的粗死亡率（CMR），以及在五个有特定年龄数据的国家的标准化死亡率（SMR）。截至2020年8月30日，比利时是累计粗死亡率最高的国家（86.3/10万），但伦巴第地区的这一数字几乎是其两倍（167.6/10万），远远高于意大利其他地区的相应数字37.0/10万。可以计算五个国家（意大利、葡萄牙、瑞典、德国和荷兰）的标准化死亡率。其中，瑞典的标准化死亡率最高（61.6/10万）。意大利、荷兰、葡萄牙和德国的相应数字分别为每10万人50.2、41.4、15.9和10.1。很明显，欧洲各国在应对新冠疫情方面的表现差异很大，但在对这些差异的原因进行明确评估之前，必须解决现有数据中的许多局限性。
