Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Robert Koch Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Cengelkoy, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey.
Soft Matter. 2021 Feb 15;17(5):1156-1172. doi: 10.1039/d0sm01986k.
In vitro cell culture is commonly applied in laboratories around the world. Cultured cells are either of primary origin or established cell lines. Such transformed cell lines are increasingly replaced by pluripotent stem cell derived organotypic cells with more physiological properties. The quality of the culture conditions and matrix environment is of considerable importance in this regard. In fact, mechanical cues of the extracellular matrix have substantial effects on the cellular physiology. This is especially true if contractile cells such as cardiomyocytes are cultured. Therefore, elastic biomaterials have been introduced as scaffolds in 2D and 3D culture models for different cell types, cardiac cells among them. In this review, key aspects of cell-matrix interaction are highlighted with focus on cardiomyocytes and chemical properties as well as strengths and potential pitfalls in using two commonly applied polymers for soft matrix engineering, polyacrylamide (PAA) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are discussed.
体外细胞培养在世界各地的实验室中都有广泛应用。培养的细胞要么是原代细胞，要么是已建立的细胞系。这种转化细胞系越来越多地被多能干细胞衍生的具有更多生理特性的器官型细胞所取代。在这方面，培养条件和基质环境的质量非常重要。事实上，细胞外基质的机械线索对细胞生理学有很大的影响。如果培养的是收缩细胞，如心肌细胞，情况更是如此。因此，弹性生物材料已被引入 2D 和 3D 培养模型中，作为不同细胞类型（包括心肌细胞）的支架。在这篇综述中，重点介绍了细胞-基质相互作用的关键方面，以及在使用两种常用聚合物（聚丙烯酰胺（PAA）和聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS））进行软基质工程时的化学性质以及优缺点。
