David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Cells. 2021 Jan 7;10(1):89. doi: 10.3390/cells10010089.
Bone is a dynamic tissue and is constantly being remodeled by bone cells. Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in the activation of these bone cells and skeletal metabolism, which fulfills the energy demand for bone remodeling. Among various metabolic pathways, the importance of lipid metabolism in bone cells has long been appreciated. More recent studies also establish the link between bone loss and lipid-altering conditions-such as atherosclerotic vascular disease, hyperlipidemia, and obesity-and uncover the detrimental effect of fat accumulation on skeletal homeostasis and increased risk of fracture. Targeting lipid metabolism with statin, a lipid-lowering drug, has been shown to improve bone density and quality in metabolic bone diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms of lipid-mediated regulation in osteoclasts are not completely understood. Thus, a better understanding of lipid metabolism in osteoclasts can be used to harness bone cell activity to treat pathological bone disorders. This review summarizes the recent developments of the contribution of lipid metabolism to the function and phenotype of osteoclasts.
骨骼是一种活跃的组织，其不断被破骨细胞重塑。代谢重编程在破骨细胞和骨骼代谢的激活中起着关键作用，满足了骨骼重塑的能量需求。在各种代谢途径中，脂质代谢在破骨细胞中的重要性早已得到认可。最近的研究还发现，骨丢失与改变脂质的情况（如动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病、高脂血症和肥胖症）之间存在关联，并揭示了脂肪堆积对骨骼稳态的有害影响以及骨折风险增加。用降脂药物他汀类药物靶向脂质代谢已被证明可改善代谢性骨病中的骨密度和质量。然而，脂质调节在破骨细胞中的分子机制尚不完全清楚。因此，更好地了解破骨细胞中的脂质代谢可以用来控制骨细胞活性，以治疗病理性骨疾病。本文综述了脂质代谢对破骨细胞功能和表型的最新研究进展。
