Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Psychology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Jan 11;21(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-03022-z.
Psychotic experiences (PEs) are not uncommon in young people and are associated with both psychopathology and compromised global functioning. Although psychotic experiences are transient (short-lived, self-resolving and non-recurring) for most people who report them, few studies have examined the association between early transient PEs and later functioning in population samples. Additionally, studies using self-report measures of interpersonal and educational/ vocational difficulties are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between transient psychotic experiences and self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood.
Participants were 103 young people from a longitudinal population-based study cohort of mental health in Ireland. They attended for baseline clinical interviews in childhood (age 11-13) and were followed up in young adulthood (age 19-25). Participants who reported psychotic experiences at baseline but not at follow-up were classified as having transient psychotic experiences. Data from both time-points were used to examine the association between transient psychotic experiences and self-reported interpersonal and educational/ vocational difficulties in young adulthood using poisson regression modelling.
Young people with a history of transient psychotic experiences reported significantly higher interpersonal (adj IRR: 1.83, 95%ileCI: 1.10-3.02, p = .02) and educational/vocational (adj IRR: 2.28, 95%ileCI: 1.43-3.64, p = .001) difficulties during adolescence. However, no significant differences in interpersonal (adj IRR: 0.49, 95%ileCI: 0.10-2.30, p = .37) or educational/vocational (adj IRR: 0.88, 95%ileCI: 0.37-2.08, p = .77) difficulties were found in young adulthood. Self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young people both with and without a history of transient psychotic experiences decreased between adolescence and young adulthood.
Young people with transient psychotic experiences have increased interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in adolescence but these may not persist into the young adult years. This finding indicates that early psychotic experiences may not confer high risk for long-term interpersonal or educational/vocational deficits among young people who experience these phenomena transiently.
精神病性体验（PEs）在年轻人中并不罕见，与精神病理学和整体功能受损有关。尽管大多数报告精神病性体验的人来说，这些体验都是短暂的（短暂的、自行缓解的和非复发性的），但很少有研究检查人群样本中早期短暂的精神病性体验与以后功能之间的关联。此外，缺乏使用人际和教育/职业困难自我报告措施的研究。本研究的目的是检查青少年和年轻成人中短暂的精神病性体验与自我报告的人际和教育/职业困难之间的关系。
参与者是来自爱尔兰心理健康的纵向人群基础研究队列的 103 名年轻人。他们在儿童时期（11-13 岁）接受了基线临床访谈，并在青年时期（19-25 岁）进行了随访。在基线时报告精神病性体验但在随访时未报告的参与者被归类为有短暂的精神病性体验。使用泊松回归模型，从两个时间点使用数据来检查短暂的精神病性体验与年轻成人中自我报告的人际和教育/职业困难之间的关联。
有短暂精神病性体验史的年轻人报告在青少年时期人际（调整后的 IRR：1.83，95%CI：1.10-3.02，p =.02）和教育/职业（调整后的 IRR：2.28，95%CI：1.43-3.64，p =.001）困难显著更高。然而，在年轻成人中，人际（调整后的 IRR：0.49，95%CI：0.10-2.30，p =.37）或教育/职业（调整后的 IRR：0.88，95%CI：0.37-2.08，p =.77）困难无显著差异。在有和没有短暂精神病性体验史的年轻人中，青少年时期的自我报告人际和教育/职业困难都有所减少。
有短暂精神病性体验的年轻人在青少年时期有更多的人际和教育/职业困难，但这些困难可能不会持续到年轻成年期。这一发现表明，在经历短暂精神病性体验的年轻人中，早期的精神病性体验可能不会导致长期的人际或教育/职业缺陷的高风险。
