Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Sensory Analytics Department, Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Str. 35, 85354, Freising, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 11;11(1):421. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80236-x.
Earthy and musty off-flavors are routinely observed in farmed trout worldwide. The microbial association to the production of those off-flavors was previously reported. The current manuscript aimed to catalog the microbial enrichment (eukaryotes and prokaryotes) in semi-intensive aquaculture freshwater sources that might influence the trout aquaculture quality production. The 16S rRNA and ITS metabarcoding analyses were applied on the inflow- and pond-water samples from trout farms previously recorded a malodor fish products and located alongside Moosach and Sempt Rivers in Bavaria province, Germany. The results showed that more than 99% of the detected prokaryotic OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Unit identification) were bacteria as of ~ 75.57% were Proteobacteria, and ~ 14.4% were Bacteroidetes. Meanwhile, 118 out of 233 of the eukaryotic OTUs were known species. Of these, ~ 45% were plant pathogens, and ~ 28% were mushroom/yeasts. Based on the comparative analysis between inflow- and pond-water samples, several pro- and eukaryotic microorganisms that affect the trout aquaculture water quality and industry have been detected, including the malodor-producing microorganisms, e.g., Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria, along with fish infectious microorganisms, e.g., Chilodonella cyprinid, Metschnikowia bicuspidate. Additionally, the effect of the human- and industrial-related activities around the sampling area on the microbiota of the investigated farms were highlighted.
土腥味和霉味是世界各地养殖鳟鱼中常见的异味。先前已经报道了产生这些异味的微生物关联。本手稿旨在对可能影响鳟鱼养殖质量生产的半集约化水产养殖淡水中的微生物富集（真核生物和原核生物）进行编目。16S rRNA 和 ITS 宏条形码分析应用于先前记录有异味鱼类产品的鳟鱼养殖场的进水和池塘水样本，这些养殖场位于德国巴伐利亚州的 Moosach 和 Sempt 河流附近。结果表明，在所检测的原核生物 OTUs（操作分类单元鉴定）中，超过 99%的是细菌，其中约 75.57%是变形菌门，约 14.4%是拟杆菌门。同时，233 个真核生物 OTUs 中有 118 个是已知物种。其中，约 45%是植物病原体，约 28%是蘑菇/酵母。基于进水和池塘水样本之间的比较分析，已经检测到了一些影响鳟鱼水产养殖水质和行业的原核和真核微生物，包括产生异味的微生物，如蓝细菌和放线菌，以及鱼类传染性微生物，如鳜鱼 Chilodonella 和双叉毛霉 Metschnikowia。此外，还强调了采样区域周围的人类和工业相关活动对所调查养殖场的微生物群的影响。
