Institute for Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Cell Tissue Res. 2021 Aug;385(2):371-392. doi: 10.1007/s00441-020-03375-7. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
The lysosome represents an important regulatory platform within numerous vesicle trafficking pathways including the endocytic, phagocytic, and autophagic pathways. Its ability to fuse with endosomes, phagosomes, and autophagosomes enables the lysosome to break down a wide range of both endogenous and exogenous cargo, including macromolecules, certain pathogens, and old or damaged organelles. Due to its center position in an intricate network of trafficking events, the lysosome has emerged as a central signaling node for sensing and orchestrating the cells metabolism and immune response, for inter-organelle and inter-cellular signaling and in membrane repair. This review highlights the current knowledge of general lysosome function and discusses these findings in their implication for renal glomerular cell types in health and disease including the involvement of glomerular cells in lysosomal storage diseases and the role of lysosomes in nongenetic glomerular injuries.
溶酶体是众多囊泡运输途径（包括内吞作用、吞噬作用和自噬途径）中的一个重要调节平台。它能够与内体、吞噬体和自噬体融合，使溶酶体能够分解广泛的内源性和外源性货物，包括大分子、某些病原体以及衰老或受损的细胞器。由于它在复杂的运输事件网络中处于中心位置，溶酶体已成为感应和协调细胞代谢和免疫反应的中央信号节点，用于细胞器间和细胞间信号传递以及膜修复。本综述强调了溶酶体一般功能的现有知识，并讨论了这些发现对健康和疾病状态下肾小球细胞类型的影响，包括肾小球细胞在溶酶体贮积病中的作用以及溶酶体在非遗传肾小球损伤中的作用。
