College of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea.
Sahmyook Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
J Clin Nurs. 2021 Apr;30(7-8):961-974. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15638. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
To understand hospice palliative care nurses' (HPCNs) perceptions towards spiritual care and their competence to provide spiritual care.
Previous research has shown that many nurses lack a clear understanding of the concept of spirituality and feel inadequately prepared to assess patients' spiritual needs. Studies on competence in spiritual care are mostly descriptive, and the evidence for improving it is limited.
A mixed-methods research design was used.
Quantitative data were collected from 282 nurses in forty hospice palliative care (HPC) institutions in South Korea and analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni test and multiple regression. Qualitative data collection involved two stages: first, an open-ended question posed to 282 nurses, and second, focus group interviews conducted with six HPC experts. Both qualitative data sets were analysed separately using content analysis. This study followed the GRAMMS guidelines.
Of the six dimensions of spiritual care competence (SCC), the mean scores were highest in 'attitude towards the patient's spirituality' and 'communication', whereas the 'assessment and implementation of spiritual care' and 'professionalisation and improving the quality of spiritual care' had the lowest mean scores. Through content analysis, 4 themes regarding the meaning of spiritual care, 3 themes regarding requirements for spiritual care and 2 themes regarding preparedness for spiritual care were revealed. They perceived the needs of the understanding of spiritual care based on the attributes of spirituality, the education in systematic assessments and implementation for spiritual care with standardised terminology, and the opportunity to reflect on nurses' own spirituality.
Practical SCC training for HPCNs and the subsequent development of clinical practice guidelines are of vital importance.
The results of this study provide a useful resource to develop educational programmes for strengthening the SCC of nurses and the entire HPC team.
了解临终关怀护士对精神关怀的看法以及他们提供精神关怀的能力。
先前的研究表明，许多护士对精神概念缺乏清晰的认识，并且感到无法充分评估患者的精神需求。关于精神关怀能力的研究大多是描述性的，改善这种能力的证据有限。
采用混合方法研究设计。
从韩国 40 家临终关怀机构的 282 名护士中收集定量数据，并使用描述性统计、独立 t 检验、单因素方差分析（Bonferroni 检验）和多元回归进行分析。定性数据收集包括两个阶段：第一，向 282 名护士提出一个开放式问题；第二，对 6 名临终关怀专家进行焦点小组访谈。这两个定性数据集分别使用内容分析进行分析。本研究遵循 GRAMMS 指南。
在精神关怀能力的六个维度中（SCC），“对患者精神性的态度”和“沟通”的平均得分最高，而“评估和实施精神关怀”以及“专业化和提高精神关怀质量”的平均得分最低。通过内容分析，揭示了 4 个关于精神关怀意义的主题、3 个关于精神关怀需求的主题以及 2 个关于精神关怀准备的主题。他们认为，需要基于精神性的属性来理解精神关怀、接受系统评估和实施精神关怀的教育以及使用标准化术语、并提供机会反思护士自身的精神性。
对临终关怀护士进行实用的 SCC 培训以及随后制定临床实践指南至关重要。
本研究的结果为加强护士和整个临终关怀团队的 SCC 提供了有用的资源，可用于开发教育计划。
