Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2021 Dec;30(12):1761-1768. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8669. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
Pathological worry is a major feature of anxiety in the peripartum, and we sought to examine the factor structure, validity, and reliability in the peripartum of a scale used to measure worry in the general population (the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, PSWQ). Pregnant/postpartum women ( = 295) were followed at up to six visits, which included completion of the PSWQ and other psychological scales. Principal components analysis, descriptive statistics, paired -tests, chi-square tests, and mixed linear regression models were used to evaluate scale reliability and validity. Most participants (63%) reported a history of a mood disorder, 40% an anxiety disorder, and 18% both. Mean PSWQ score at entry was 47.19 (of a possible 80). PSWQ scores were positively correlated with conceptually related measures (correlations 0.55-0.76, all < 0.001), and were most closely aligned with the TRAIT scale of Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Scale. Participants with a history of any mood or anxiety disorder had significantly higher worry scores (s range = 3.70-6.69, s < 0.01). Individuals with a current diagnosis were more likely to be high worriers (χ = 8.26, = 0.004 and χ = 34.99, < 0.001 for major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, respectively). The PSWQ correlated well with all psychological scales, especially TRAIT anxiety. Worry appears to be a major component of perinatal anxiety, and the PSWQ may be a valuable tool for more precise specification of the clinical phenotypes of perinatal anxiety. Limitations include a study population that was largely Caucasian and well educated, so study results require replication in a more diverse population.
病理性担忧是围产期焦虑的主要特征，我们试图研究用于测量一般人群担忧的量表（宾夕法尼亚州担忧问卷，PSWQ）在围产期的结构、效度和信度。多达六次就诊的孕妇/产后妇女（ = 295）完成了 PSWQ 和其他心理量表。采用主成分分析、描述性统计、配对检验、卡方检验和混合线性回归模型来评估量表的信度和效度。大多数参与者（63%）报告有心境障碍病史，40%有焦虑障碍病史，18%有两者兼有。入组时 PSWQ 平均得分为 47.19（满分 80 分）。PSWQ 得分与概念上相关的测量呈正相关（相关系数为 0.55-0.76，均 < 0.001），与 Spielberg 状态-特质焦虑量表的特质量表最为一致。有任何心境或焦虑障碍病史的参与者的担忧得分显著更高（s 范围 = 3.70-6.69，s < 0.01）。目前诊断为心境或焦虑障碍的个体更有可能成为高担忧者（χ = 8.26， = 0.004 和 χ = 34.99， < 0.001 分别用于重度抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症）。PSWQ 与所有心理量表相关性良好，尤其是特质焦虑。担忧似乎是围产期焦虑的主要组成部分，PSWQ 可能是更精确描述围产期焦虑临床表型的有用工具。局限性包括研究人群主要是白人和受过良好教育的人，因此研究结果需要在更多样化的人群中进行复制。
