Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, USA.
Memory. 2022 Jan;30(1):22-25. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2020.1871022. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
Memory is constructive, but that does not mean it is unreliable. When people remember the events of their lives they depend on knowledge, some of which is in the form of scripts or schemata. Schematic information encodes typical patterns in events, and for this reason schemata often contribute veridical features to memory reconstruction. This process can be thought of in Bayesian terms, as incorporating prior probabilities based on recurring patterns in experience. It also can be thought of in terms of statistical regression, such that information from knowledge is combined with information from episodic traces to reconstruct a best estimate of what happened.
记忆是具有创造性的，但这并不意味着它不可靠。当人们回忆生活中的事件时，他们会依赖于知识，其中一些是以脚本或图式的形式存在的。图式信息对事件中的典型模式进行编码，因此图式通常会为记忆重构提供真实的特征。这个过程可以用贝叶斯术语来理解，即根据经验中反复出现的模式纳入先验概率。也可以用统计回归的术语来理解，即从知识中获取信息，并与情景记忆痕迹中的信息相结合，以重建对发生事情的最佳估计。
