Department of Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2014 Mar;40(2):459-75. doi: 10.1037/a0034886. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
Several recent studies have explored the effect of contextual familiarity on remembered and imagined events. The aim of this study was to examine the extent of this effect by comparing the effect of cuing spatial memories, episodic memories, and imagined future events with spatial contextual cues of varying levels of familiarity. We used real-world landmark cues that had all been previously visited by the participants, and we measured the retrieval time, detail-richness, and vividness of remembered scenes, events, and imagined future events based on these cues. Participants consistently rated scenes and events based on more familiar cues as more detailed and more vivid, and they took less time to retrieve them. When the types of details were examined, it was revealed that the effects of increased contextual familiarity carry over to non-spatial details in the case of remembered events but possibly not in imagined events. This study provides evidence regarding how episodic memory and imagination are reliant on spatial context and possibly the process of scene construction.
几项最近的研究探讨了语境熟悉度对记忆和想象事件的影响。本研究的目的是通过比较空间记忆、情节记忆和想象未来事件与不同熟悉程度的空间语境线索的影响，来考察这种影响的程度。我们使用了真实世界的地标线索，这些地标线索都曾被参与者访问过，我们根据这些线索测量了记忆场景、事件和想象未来事件的检索时间、详细丰富度和生动度。参与者一致认为基于更熟悉的线索的场景和事件更详细、更生动，并且他们检索这些场景和事件所需的时间更少。当检查细节类型时，结果表明，在记忆事件的情况下，增加的语境熟悉度的影响会扩展到非空间细节，但在想象事件的情况下可能不会。这项研究提供了关于情节记忆和想象如何依赖于空间背景，可能还有场景构建过程的证据。
