School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC, V3T 0A3, Canada.
Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2020 Feb 3;6(1):015037. doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab6e19.
Most breast cancer lesions absorb higher levels of near-infrared (NIR) radiation compared to healthy breast tissue due to its increased vascularity. Oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb) primarily found in cancerous vascular lesions, absorbs higher levels of radiation in the 650 nm to 850 nm wavelength range than the surrounding fatty tissue and water in the human breast. NIR diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) provides real-time functional and compositional information based on the optical properties of biological tissues, which cannot be accomplished by other portable breast imaging modalities. Here we present the first set of clinical trials using a non-invasive, hand-held diffuse optical breast scanner (DOB-Scan probe) to capture in vivo cross-sectional images of the breast. The scanner uses four NIR illuminating sources with different wavelengths, 690 nm, 750 nm, 800 nm, and 850 nm, to determine the concentrations of the four main constituents of breast tissue, oxy-hemoglobin (HbO), deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb), water (HO), and fat. In this paper, we briefly explain the hardware design and image reconstruction algorithm of the DOB-Scan probe, the data collection process, and the imaging results of four different participants, selected from twenty, all who are diagnosed with breast cancer. For each patient, images were scanned from two locations, the first over the cancerous lesion and the second over the same region on the contralateral healthy breast, as a means of establishing controls for comparison. During each scan, four cross-sectional images of the breast, corresponding to four different NIR wavelengths, are reconstructed and displayed on a user interface for reference. Clinical results confirm that the absorption coefficients of cancerous lesions are significantly higher than the normal surrounding tissue. We propose to deploy the probe to effectively identify cancerous breast tissue at an early stage in a primary care setting, which could increase the efficiency of screening programs.
由于其血管增多，大多数乳腺癌病变比健康的乳腺组织吸收更高水平的近红外（NIR）辐射。氧合血红蛋白（HbO）和脱氧血红蛋白（Hb）主要存在于癌血管病变中，在 650nm 至 850nm 波长范围内吸收比周围脂肪组织和水更高的辐射水平。近红外漫射光学光谱（DOS）基于生物组织的光学特性提供实时功能和组成信息，这是其他便携式乳腺成像方式无法完成的。在这里，我们首次展示了使用非侵入性手持式漫射光学乳腺扫描仪（DOB-Scan 探头）捕获乳房的体内横截面图像的临床试验。该扫描仪使用四个具有不同波长的近红外照明源，690nm、750nm、800nm 和 850nm，以确定乳腺组织的四种主要成分的浓度，即氧合血红蛋白（HbO）、脱氧血红蛋白（Hb）、水（HO）和脂肪。在本文中，我们简要解释了 DOB-Scan 探头的硬件设计和图像重建算法、数据采集过程以及从二十名被诊断患有乳腺癌的参与者中选择的四名不同参与者的成像结果。对于每位患者，从两个位置扫描图像，第一个位置位于癌变病变上，第二个位置位于对侧健康乳房的同一区域，作为比较的对照。在每次扫描过程中，重建并显示四个对应于四个不同近红外波长的乳房横截面图像，并在用户界面上显示以供参考。临床结果证实，癌变病变的吸收系数明显高于正常周围组织。我们建议将探头部署到初级保健环境中，以有效地在早期识别癌性乳腺组织，从而提高筛查计划的效率。
