Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia.
Mol Immunol. 2021 Mar;131:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.12.030. Epub 2021 Jan 10.
Helminths can interact with their hosts in many different ways, including through the secretion of soluble molecules (such as lipids, glycans and proteins) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). The field of helminth secreted EVs has significantly advanced in recent years, mainly due to the molecular characterisation of EV proteomes and research highlighting the potential of EVs and their constituent molecules in the diagnosis and control of parasitic infections. Despite these advancements, the lack of appropriate isolation and purification methods is impeding the discovery of suitable biomarkers for the differentiation of helminth EV populations. In the present review we offer our viewpoint on the different proteomic techniques and approaches that have been developed, as well as solutions to common pitfalls and challenges that could be applied to advance the study of helminth EVs.
寄生虫可以通过多种不同的方式与宿主相互作用，包括通过分泌可溶性分子（如脂质、糖和蛋白质）和细胞外囊泡（EVs）。近年来，寄生虫 EVs 的研究领域取得了重大进展，这主要得益于 EV 蛋白质组的分子特征，以及强调 EV 及其组成分子在寄生虫感染诊断和控制中的潜力的研究。尽管取得了这些进展，但缺乏适当的分离和纯化方法，这阻碍了发现适合区分寄生虫 EV 群体的生物标志物。在本综述中，我们提供了对已经开发的不同蛋白质组学技术和方法的观点，以及解决常见陷阱和挑战的方法，这些方法可以应用于推进寄生虫 EVs 的研究。
