寄生性蠕虫细胞外囊泡及其作为疫苗的潜在用途。
Extracellular vesicles from parasitic helminths and their potential utility as vaccines.
机构信息
a Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine , James Cook University , Cairns , Australia.
b Department of Medical Parasitology , School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar , Gondar , Ethiopia.
出版信息
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2018 Mar;17(3):197-205. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2018.1431125. Epub 2018 Jan 30.
INTRODUCTION
Helminths are multicellular parasites affecting nearly three billion people worldwide. To orchestrate a parasitic existence, helminths secrete different molecules, either in soluble form or contained within extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are secreted by most cell types and organisms, and have varied roles in intercellular communication, including immune modulation and pathogenesis.
AREAS COVERED
In this review, we describe the nucleic acid and proteomic composition of EVs from helminths, with a focus on the protein vaccine candidates present on the EV surface membrane, and discuss the potential utility of helminth EVs and their constituent proteins in the fight against helminth infections.
EXPERT COMMENTARY
A significant number of proteins present in helminth-secreted EVs are known vaccine candidates. The characterization of helminth EV proteomes will shed light on host-pathogen interactions, facilitate the discovery of new diagnostic biomarkers, and provide a novel approach for the development of new control measures against helminth infections.
简介
寄生虫是影响全球近 30 亿人口的多细胞生物。为了协调寄生生活，寄生虫会分泌不同的分子，或以可溶性形式或以细胞外囊泡（EV）的形式存在。EV 由大多数细胞类型和生物体分泌，并在细胞间通讯中发挥多种作用，包括免疫调节和发病机制。
涵盖领域
在这篇综述中，我们描述了寄生虫 EV 的核酸和蛋白质组组成，重点介绍了 EV 表面膜上存在的蛋白质疫苗候选物，并讨论了寄生虫 EV 及其组成蛋白在对抗寄生虫感染方面的潜在应用。
专家评论
大量存在于寄生虫分泌的 EV 中的蛋白质是已知的疫苗候选物。寄生虫 EV 蛋白质组的特征将阐明宿主-病原体相互作用，有助于发现新的诊断生物标志物，并为开发针对寄生虫感染的新控制措施提供新方法。
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